week 12

Question 1

What does schizophrenia mean?

Answer 1

Splitting of psychic functions. Refers to the breakdown of integration of emotion, thought and action.

Question 2

Name the three categories of symptoms for schizophrenia

Answer 2

Positive: paranoia/delusions, hallucinations
Negative: Loss/decrease in speech, reduced ability to express emotions.
Disorganised: Incohreant thought/speech, bizarre behaviour, inappropriate affect. only need 2 to be present in 1 month for a diagnosis.

Question 3

Schzio and genes

Answer 3

Right, so there is a genetic link and there are a few chromosones we have our eye on. But, itll be a crazy mix.

Question 4

So, how does schizo happen?

Answer 4

Current theory is someone has to have the right sets of chromosones to be suseptible, and then have an incident happen to active the genes (like trauma, illlness, infections, isolation etc).

Question 5

What drugs are used to treat schizo?

Answer 5

Chlorpromazine: invented by accident, orks fr schizophrenics by calming them down. Gives parkinson like side effects, contibuting to the idea schizophrenia could possible be caused by exccesive dopamine. binds to D1 and D2 receptors. Not perfect, doesn’t work for weeks.

Question 6

dopamine theory of schizo

Answer 6

spurred by parkinsons/chlorpromazine link, shrinks reckon schizo might happen because they have too much dopamine, which the meds then decrease giving the shakes. Not a perfect system though, like antipsychotics work on synapses fast, so why do they take weeks to kick in.

Question 7

Depression

Answer 7

A normal reaction to loss, becoming abnormal when it persists or has no cause.

Question 8

Mania

Answer 8

Overconfidence, reduced need for sleep, impulsivity, more talkative, high energy etc.

Question 9

Affective disorders:

Answer 9

Psychiatric disorders categorized by disturbances of mood or emotion, AKA mood disorders. depression and mania are part of this.

Question 10

Depressive disorder

Answer 10

MDD, presistant depressive disorder, bipolar.

Question 11

What can make someone have an affective disorder

Answer 11

Stresfful experiences (esp. early life trauma), seasonal affective disorder

Question 12

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

Answer 12

used to be used as an antidepressant, prevent breakdown of monoamines. pretty unsafe.

Question 13

Selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors

Answer 13

SSRI’s: prozac, zoloft, paxil. No more effective then tricyclics, but better with side effects.

Question 14

Lithium

Answer 14

mood stabaliser for BD, but don’t really know why haha lol

Question 15

How effective are antidepressants really?

Answer 15

MAOIs, SSRIs only work for about 20% of people who take them, and even then they only seem to really work for REALLY depressed people.

Question 16

Anxiety disorders::

Answer 16

when anxiety interferes with normal functioning. realllllllly common. no genetic link as seen, more to do with life experiences.

Question 17

what drugs for anxiety?

Answer 17

Benzo’s and other GABA agonists. Highly addictive.

SSRI’s: do the job without serious side effects or sedation.