Week 11 - workplace MH

Question 1

what does the Labour force survey 2023 say about workplace ill-health?

Answer 1

• 49% of workplace ill-health is MH (anx, depression etc)

Question 2

causes

Answer 2

• Unable to cope with demands (high workload and pressure)
  
  • Unable to control they way they work
  • Don’t get enough info and support to do the job
  • Trouble with relationships at work, or bullying
  • Don’t have clear roles and responsibilities
  • Not engaged by senior staff when a business is undergoing change

Question 3

WHO prevention stages

Answer 3

Primary
secondary
tertiary prevention

Question 4

primary prevention

Answer 4

support for all employees to thrive (identify and eliminate or reduce potential risks)

Question 5

primary prevention examples

Answer 5

○ Fox et al., 2021:
§ Targeting conditions of work created healthier workplaces than wellness programmes
§ 83 study review on MH interventions
§ Changing conditions positively effects all wellbeing domains

	○ Pieper et al., 2019
		§ Whole workforce approach using CBT principle interventions shows positive effects for group C-B interventions to improve Wb and reduce depression

Question 6

secondary prevention

Answer 6

targeted support for those wo are struggling (modify or manage how worker responds to risks to revers or delay progression of ill-health caused by the risks)

Question 7

secondary prevention example

Answer 7

○ Yunus 2018 review
§ Interventions should be to all employees with group therapies most effective with computer delivery most attended.

Question 8

tertiary prevention

Answer 8

tailored support for those who are ill and possibly off work (improving treatment and recovery to enable usual/pre level of functioning)

Question 9

tertiary prevention example

Answer 9

○ Dalgaard 2017: effect of stress management intervention on RTW was a quicker RTW in intervention group. Financial gains.

Question 10

workplace solutions stages

Answer 10

primary
secondary
tertiary

Question 11

primary workplace solutions

Answer 11

○ Employer examples: developing health and wellbeing strategy,
○ Occupational health examples: health screening

Question 12

secondary workplace solutions

Answer 12

○ Employer examples: awareness raising and education
○ Occupational health examples: improve health and wellbeing awareness

Question 13

tertiary workplace solutions

Answer 13

○ Employer examples: return to work programmes
○ Occupational health examples: treatment and rehabilitation, referral to specialised services, support return to work

Question 14

examples interventions

Answer 14

• Bernburg 2016: psychosocial skills training with C-B counselling of 12s, 1.5h a week
  
  • Kimura 2015: group CBT explaining benefits and using cognitive restructuring tasks and homework

Question 15

CBT principles in workplace interventions

Answer 15

• Evoke change quickly by building awareness skills and identifying how situations influence emotions and change dysfunctional ones.
  
  • SPACE model (Edgerton and Palmer 2005): awareness, beliefs and consequences of issue and discuss them to develop new approach to problem
  • Solution-focused model suitable for most individuals

Question 16

evidence for solution-focused model

Answer 16

○ Molnar 1987: 1st session: therapist initiated search for expectations to the rules of the problem the encouraged consideration of the differences. Moved on to person doing this

Question 17

evidence-based RTW appraoch

Answer 17

• NICE (2019): LT sickness absence and capability to work
  
  • Cochrane systematic review: interventions to improve return to work in depressed people (2020)
  • Chartered institute of personnel and development (CIPD): managing a return to work after long term absence - a guide for line managers (2021)

Question 18

PROWORK: RTW (Munir 2024)

Answer 18

• 3 step online toolkit to support following LT sickness
  
  • Toolkit for employer and employee with 3 sessions of CBT-based workplace health coaching