week 11 - pharmacology

Question 1

what is pharmacokinetics?

Answer 1

• movement of drugs in body (absorption, distribution, metabolism excretion)

Question 2

effects of pharmacokinetics?

Answer 2

• efficacy: maximum effect
• potency: dose dependent
• selectivity
• specificity: ability to bind to receptor or enzyme

Question 3

what is absorption?

Answer 3

passage of drug from its site of administration into plasma

Question 4

what is distribution?

Answer 4

transfer of drug between locations (via blood)

Question 5

what is metabolism?

Answer 5

enzyme modification of drug molecules (occur in liver)

Question 6

what is excretion?

Answer 6

irreversible loss of chemically unchanged drug from body

Question 7

bioavailability?

Answer 7

route of administration determines how much enters circulation
- bioavailability is % measure of this

Question 8

pharmacodynamics: what are the different drug targets?

Answer 8

• RECEPTORS
  : found in cell membrane
  : agonists (mimic endogenous substance) vs antagonists (block effects of endogenous substance)
• ENZYMES
  : biological catalysts that facilitate certain reactions
  : inhibited competitively or non-competitively
• CARRIER MOLECULES
  : carry substances across cell membrane
• ION CHANNELS
  : inhibited or accelerated

Question 9

what are the different administrations of drugs?

Answer 9

• tablet
• capsule
• enteric (dissolve in small intestine)
• parenteral (non-GI forms)