Week 11 Climate Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the climate limitations to pasture growth in coastal NSW

A
Equiseaonal rainfall
Not overly hot, not overly cold
Water Deficit over summer
Used to be dairy, now more beef
Compete with tourism, forestry, lifestyle blocks
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2
Q

Outline positive traits for using kikuyu as a pasture

A
High production (12-30T/Ha)
Summer dominate C4 species (PSN is different to other temperate species as concerntrate co2 and deliver it to where required, Dec. N, inc. growth and inc. temp

Tolerant of trampling and treading

Persistant

High water use efficiency - double growth to rye per unit of water

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3
Q

Outline negative traits for using kikuyu as a pasture

A
Invasive/weed
Intensive management
Large winter feed gap
Costly to apply P and N
Low in Na, Ca, P, Mg
Lower Quality
Kikuyu poisoning- every few yrs
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4
Q

Describe the keys to growing highly productive kikuyu pasture

A

Phosphorus -30-40kg/ha/yr
Nitrogen 150-200kg N/Ha during growing phase (NOV-MAR)
50kh every second grazing

Water- alleviate deficit in summer

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5
Q

Describe the grazing management for kikuyu and describe the reasons it is important to graze at this stage

A

Graze at 4.5 leaves per tiller

16 days after grazing - ME at 9, CP 20%, decreases after this

Dies off after 4.5

Intensive rotation

Need to now the leaf emergence rate = tells you when to regraze

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6
Q

Grazing Kikuyu too early

A

Mg and Ca and Sugar too Low

N and P too high

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7
Q

Grazing Kikuyu too late

A

% leaf dec, stem % inc,

Dec. palatibility due to fungus

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8
Q

Outline management techniques for improving kikuyu quality after the 4.5 leaf stage

A

Hard Gaze with dry cows

Silage production

Mowing/mulching down to 2.5cm

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9
Q

Describe management options for filling the winter feed gap in a kikuyu pasture

A
Oversow Kikuyu
Use winter active temeprate secies- 
Rye - sow every autumn
hite clover - few yrs persistaence
Oats
Mow to 2 cm, maybe graze twice

Autumn sow when temp is below 15 degrees

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