Week 11

Question 1

what are the 4 methods of recording behavioural or naturalistic observations

Answer 1

narrative, frequency/interval, event, rating scales

Question 2

what is a functional behavioural assessment?

Answer 2

not one single thing but a broad term to describe a number of methods that allow researchers and practitioners to identify the reason a specific behaviour is occurring.

Question 3

first 4 components of a good functional behavioural analysis

Answer 3

description of behaviour, history of problem, antecedent analysis, consequence analysis

Question 4

the second 4 components of a good functional behavioural analysis

Answer 4

ecological analysis, analysis of function, hypotheses, FERBS

Question 5

last two components of a good functional behavioural analysis

Answer 5

proactive strategies (80%), reactive strategies (20%)

Question 6

what is narrative recording?

Answer 6

anecdotal: make note of behaviour of interest, Inc anything noteworthy. in a sequential manner as it happens. records everything seen

Question 7

why use narrative recording?

Answer 7

to create in-depth picture of behaviour I.e social skills

Question 8

five things you need to decide when narrative recording

Answer 8

of times to observe, length of obs period, when, target behaviours, method of recording I.e audio, written

Question 9

in narrative recording it’s important to differentiate between observation and…….

Answer 9

inference

Question 10

4 advantages of narrative recording

Answer 10

no equipment necessary, open discovery of beh, elaboration welcomed, lots of hypotheses generated

Question 11

5 disadvantages of narrative recording

Answer 11

no quantification of freq of beh, poor validity, observer skills important, writing style of observer important, poor inter-rater reliability

Question 12

what does frequency and interval recording focus on

Answer 12

behaviours as they occur within specified time intervals

Question 13

frequency and interval recording is a way to measure…

Answer 13

the number of times a beh occurs within a given period.

Question 14

frequency recording is most useful with behaviours that are

Answer 14

discrete and short in duration. eg #of curse words, number of shirt talk ours without raising hand

Question 15

what are the first 3 steps in interval recording?

Answer 15

1. note time obs begins 2. record occurrence of beh (tally mark) 3. note the time obs ends

Question 16

steps 4 & 5 of frequency & interval recording

Answer 16

4. calculate length of time for the obs 5. calculate rate by calculating total #of times the beh occurred & dividing by the number of time intervals then x100 to get % at which the behaviour occurred

Question 17

what is meant by whole interval?

Answer 17

beh occurred the entire time interval

Question 18

what is meant by partial interval?

Answer 18

beh occurred at any point during the time interval

Question 19

interval recording is a shortcut procedure for

Answer 19

estimating the duration of a beh

Question 20

in interval recording observation happens at

Answer 20

predetermined intervals

Question 21

in momentary time sampling you look up immediately at what points

Answer 21

pre-designated. and see if beh is occurring

Question 22

interval recording does not require

Answer 22

continual observation

Question 23

3 advantages of frequency & interval recording

Answer 23

time efficient, highly focused on specific behs, inclusive (I.e all behs are recorded this way)

Question 24

first 3 disadvantages of frequency & interval recording

Answer 24

limited time frame does not allow for enquiry of quality of beh, other important beh can be missed, hit & miss (beh doesn’t always occur in time interval set)

Question 25

second two disadvantages of frequency & interval recording

Answer 25

not suitable for recording intensity of beh, imposes artificial frame on beh (I.e interval observed rather than beh itself)

Question 26

what does event recording record

Answer 26

each incidence of behaviour as it occurs during observation period

Question 27

2 things focused on in event recording

Answer 27

rate & duration of behaviour

Question 28

two ways to define target behaviours

Answer 28

explicit and operational

Question 29

to define target behaviours as precisely these four things help…

Answer 29

list examples of TB, list examples that are similiar but NOT the TB, give beh ON and beh OFF definitions, give definition to untrained & trained observers to check if they can reliably record occurrence

Question 30

5 steps to give behavioural definitions

Answer 30

1. describe TB 2. example of what it isn’t 3. describe when beh has stopped 4. intensity scale 5. process for investigating function

Question 31

what are the 5 most common likely functions of behaviour

Answer 31

1. social reward 2. material/tangible reward 3. avoid/escape something 4. meet sensory needs 5. manage pain

Question 32

social input (social reward function of beh) can take many forms and does not have to be in the form of

Answer 32

positive prairie fun, being reprimanded is also social input

Question 33

what is meant by a tangible reward

Answer 33

seeking something tangible I.e food, games, activities, computer time

Question 34

the adult engages in challenging beh just prior to leaving for school, resulting in the child not having to go to school at which the behaviour ceases… what type of reward is this

Answer 34

to escape/avoid

Question 35

what does FERBS stand for?

Answer 35

Functionally Equivalent Replacement Behaviours

Question 36

first two steps in the FERBS model

Answer 36

1. identify the function of the challenging behaviour 2. identify a non-challenging behaviour that meets the same function

Question 37

steps 3 & 4 in the FERBS model

Answer 37

3. identify a way of teaching the client the proposed new behaviour 4. identify a way of persuading the client by offering a reinforcement schedule