Week 11 Flashcards
Intrinsic Motivation
motivated to do an activity for its own sake or it satisfy yourself
Extrinsic Motivation
motivated because of outward rewards or punishments
Motivation
internal states that affect energy toward a goal
What is low motivation a contributor to?
poor achievement and dropout
What are the four main sources of self efficacy
previous experience
vicarious experience of models
verbal persuasion
physiological reactions
achievement motivation
what initiates and maintains behavior in achievement situations
What is achievement motivation influenced by?
self efficacy
attributions
expectancies and values
goal orientation
Goal theory
people are motivated to achieve by different sets of goals
Mastery Goals
learning for the sake of learning; intrinsic; goal is to develop skills
Performance goals
focused on outcome; extrinsic
Approach
want to perform better than others
Avoidance
want to avoid performing worse than others
Learned helplessness
The perception developed through experiences that no matter what you do, you will not be competent in a domain
Result of learned helplessness
be competent in a domain
Result of a unresponsive environment and attribute the outcomes to their own inadequacies
Who is more vulnerable to LH
low SES
Fixed mindet
desire to look smart; Avoid challenges, give up easily, see effort as fruitless, ignore useful feedback, be threatened by others’ success
Growth Mindset
leads to a desire to learn
Embrace challenges
Persist despite obstacles
See effort as path to mastery
Learn from criticism
Be inspired by others success
How does intrinsic motivation change over time?
starts off high in early elementary and decreases steadily through high school
When might motivation change with age
changing minsets and changing contexts
Changing minsets
Growth when young, but can change to Fixed with failures
Comparison to others shows that effort does not equal ability
Changing contexts
High schools are large, impersonal, and bureaucratic
More academically challenging
Use tracking systems that can reinforce entity theories
Tracking is especially bad for motivation when it is inequitable and may reinforce stereotypes
Gender in achievement
girls tend to have higher grades than boys and score higher on langauge while boys score higher in math
True or false; low ses students tend to have lower acievment than high ses
true
What are the social differences in chinese school
Social harmony: chinese students view and regulate their own behaviors
Chinese students view education, their parents, teachers, and others in positions of authority
Chinese teachers manage their classrooms and student behaviors- motivate learning and prevent behavioral problems
