Week 10 Flashcards
Non communicable disease
usually genetic or lifestyle; cannot be spread; usually chronic not acute
levels of prevention
primary secondary tertiary
primary prevention
at risk but do not have disease
secondary prevention
early stages (pre symptomatic) of disease; intervention to stop from developing
tertiary prevention
management of symptomatic disease; pain management, rehabilitation, support groups, medication
prevention types
active (consicous decision)
disincentive (punishment)
incentive (reward)
passive
primordial prevention
targets social and cultural determinants of health
logistic regression
response variable is binomial
aim is to obtain an odds ratio
logistic regression equation
e(LR)/1+e(LR)
OR logistic regression
exp (B)
OR>1
B>0
Risk factor
OR=1
B=0
No association
OR<1
B<0
Protective factor
downstream factors
biological factors at the micro level
treatment systems, disease management, investment in clinical research
midstream factors
behavioural factors at intermediate level
lifestyle, behavioural and individual prevention
upstream factors
social factors at macro level
government policies, population health, healthy environment
Ways to evaluate a logistic regression model
Hosmer-Lemeshow ‘goodness of fit’ statistic
ROC curve and c index
CI perfect accuracy
1
very good fit
> 0.8
good fit
0.7-0.8
poor fit
<0.7
no better than chance
0.5
HR>1
Factor increases risk of event
HR<1
factor decreases risk of event (protective )
