Week 10

Question 1

Which are the features of fungi?

Answer 1

They are more closely related to animals than to plants.

Can exist as single cells or multicellular forms.

They secrete enzymes to acquire nutrients.

Question 2

Traditionally, fungi were divided into four phyla based primarily on which characteristic?

Answer 2

Meiosis

Question 3

Microsporidia share a common ancestor with fungi in the Phylum ______.

Answer 3

Zygomycota

Question 4

What is the term for a scientist who studies fungi?

Answer 4

Mycologist

Question 5

A mycelium is composed of filaments called

Answer 5

hyphae

Question 6

Fungi are most closely related to

Answer 6

animals

Question 7

Select the four traditional fungal phyla.

Answer 7

Chytridiomycota (“chytrids”), Zygomycota (“zygomycetes”), Ascomycota (“ascomycetes”), and Basidiomycota (“basidiomycetes”).

Question 8

True or false: Fungal cells or hyphae may have more than one nucleus.

Answer 8

TRUE- Fungi are different from most animals and plants in that each cell or hypha can contain one, two, or even more nuclei.

Question 9

The Microsporidia share a common ancestor with fungi in which Phylum?

Answer 9

Zygomycota

Question 10

When a fungus undergoes mitosis, which of the following occurs?

Answer 10

The spindle apparatus forms within the nucleus.

Question 11

A scientist who studies fungi is known as a(n)

Answer 11

Mycologist

Question 12

How are fungal spores produced?

Answer 12

Through sexual or asexual reproduction

Question 13

What are fungal filaments called?

Answer 13

Hyphae

Question 14

Since fungi are heterotrophs, they are incapable of which of the following?

Answer 14

Synthesizing essential organic molecules

Question 15

The main decomposers in the ecosystem are fungi and

Answer 15

Blank 1: bacteria or prokaryotes

Question 16

Which statement about fungal cells is true?

Answer 16

They may have one, two, or more nuclei.

Question 17

f a symbiosis is essential for survival, it is described as a(n) ________
symbiosis.

Answer 17

Blank 1: obligate

Question 18

Mitosis in multicellular fungi differs from that of other organisms in which way?

Answer 18

It is not followed by cell division.

Question 19

What are fungal endophytes?

Answer 19

Fungi that live within tissues of other organisms

Question 20

Fungal reproductive cells are called

Answer 20

spores

Question 21

Most lichen is composed of cyanobacteria and/or green algae and fungi from the Phylum

Answer 21

ascomcetes

Question 22

Which term describes all fungi?

Answer 22

Heterotrophic

Question 23

What are mycorrhizae?

Answer 23

Associations between the hyphae of certain fungi and the roots of plants

Question 24

Which of the following are the main decomposers in ecosystems?

Answer 24

Fungi and bacteria

Question 25

If a symbiotic fungus can survive without its host, this relationship is described as a(n) _________
symbiosis.

Answer 25

facultative

Question 26

Fungi that live within the leaf and stem tissues of plants without causing disease, are known as fungal

Answer 26

Endophytes

Question 27

Fungi have formed mutualistic symbioses with which of the following?

Answer 27

Some animal species, such as ants and ruminants

Question 28

Identify the photosynthetic organisms that could be part of a lichen.

Answer 28

Green algae

Cyanobacteria

Question 29

Mutualistic associations between the hyphae of certain fungi and the roots of most seed plants are known as _________.

Answer 29

mycorrhizae

Question 30

It is often more difficult to treat human diseases caused by fungi than those by bacteria due to which of the following?

Answer 30

Both humans and fungi are eukaryotes.

Question 31

Fungal _______

can reach plants and cause infection via the wind, water, soil, and/or animal vectors.

Answer 31

Blank 1: spores

Question 32

Select all examples of mutual symbioses between fungi and animals.

Answer 32

Leaf cutters ants that cultivate fungi

Fungi in the guts of ruminant animals

Question 33

Why is treating fungal diseases in animals particularly difficult?

Answer 33

Fungi are phylogenetically related to animals.

Question 34

The physical nature of fungal spores is such that they are

Answer 34

small and light.

Question 35

Fungal _______

can reach plants and cause infection via the wind, water, soil, and/or animal vectors.

Answer 35

spores