Week 1: What is Speech Science Flashcards
Speech science
looking at the act of communication from start to finish
Speech chain
Production, transmission, and perception
Types of measurement
Qualitative and quantitative
Qualitative
Subjectively characterize components of speech
Example of qualitative measurement
Pitch, loudness, vocal quality
Example of quantitative measurement
F0, amplitude, jitter, shimmer
Instrumentation
Used to measure articulation, respiration, phonation, and perception
Acoustic analysis
Can be used to assess voice quality, articulation, pitch, nasality
Electropalatography (EPG)
Provides dynamic real-time visual feedback of location and timing of tongue contacts with hard palate
Ultrasound
Imaging of the tongue can be used to address articulation of sounds
Visual biofeedback for speech
Patient’s speech is enhanced when we learn about the location/movement of the articulators
Sound
Sound is a pressure wave that results from back and forth vibration of the particles of the medium (air)
Sound travels through a series of…
Compressions (air molecules come together) and rarefactions (air molecules are torn apart)
Period
A wave is the time it takes to complete one full cycle of pressure changes
Frequency
The number of complete cycles occurring in 1 second
Amplitude
The magnitude of the maximum change in pressure associated with the wave
Intensity
Amplitude is related to pressure
Intensity is related to power
Intensity
is the energy per second
Periodic wave
is made up of identical repeating cycles of equal duration (period)
Musical pitch
Aperiodic wave
There is no repeating pattern of period of waveform shape
Noise pitch
Simple waveform
Has only one frequency
Relationship between frequency and period
Reciprocal
What is a period of a wave with a frequency of 250hz?
1/the frequency
1/250 = .004 seconds
Complex waveform
Waveform that has two or more different frequencies
Individual sine waves
