week 1: Principles of nutrition Flashcards
1
Q
nutrition
A
science of food and its influence on the body
2
Q
nutrients; nonessential vs essential
A
- component of food indispensable to the body's functioning // -nutrients the body can make vs nutrients the body cannot make and must be obtained through food
3
Q
medical conditions nutrition plays some role in (3)
A
- osteoporosis
- osteoarthritis
- some cancers
4
Q
medical conditions nutrition plays a strong role in (4)
A
- type 2 diabetes
- heart disease
- stroke
- obesity
5
Q
medical conditions nutrition is the cause of (4)
A
- pellagra
- scurvy
- iron-deficiency anemia
- other deficiencies/ toxicities
6
Q
single vs multifactor nutrition diseases
A
- onset of signs is usually rapid vs occurring over several years
- replacement of lacking nutrient re-establishes health vs more unmodified and modified factors
7
Q
macronutrients [define and list (3)]
A
- provide energy and body needs relatively large amounts
- carbs
- fats/ oils
- proteins
8
Q
micronutrients [define and list (3)]
A
- do not provide energy and body needs trace amounts
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
9
Q
body’s main source of fuel
A
carbs
10
Q
provide energy both at rest and energy stores in the body
A
fats and oils
11
Q
used to build cells and tissues in the body such as muscle and bone
A
protein
12
Q
function of vitamins in the body
A
- function in chemical reactions involved in the release of energy from carbs, fat and protein
13
Q
water soluble vitamins (2)
A
- B and C
- high levels excreted in urine
- not stored well [deficiency before toxicity]
14
Q
fat soluble vitamins (4)
A
- A, D, E and K
- stored well [toxicity before deficiency]
- absorbed with fat
- toxic at high levels [A and D]
15
Q
nutrients (2)
A
- function in the body in structural, regulatory and metabolic capacities
- do not supply energy
