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Human Reproduction > Week 1: Pelvis and Perineum > Flashcards

Week 1: Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

Male Vs Female pelvis

A
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2
Q

Pelvic wall muscles

A
  • piriformis
  • obturator internus
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3
Q

Pelvic floor muscles

A
  • pelvic diaphragm (levator ani and coccygeus)
  • urogenital diaphragm
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4
Q

Pubococcygeus muscle function

A
  • support the pelvic organs
  • helps maintain urinary and fecal continence
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5
Q

Puborectalis muscle function

A
  • support pelvic organs
  • forms a sling around the rectum to relax and contract the anorectal angle to control defecation and aids in voluntary control of micturation
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6
Q

Pelvic floor muscles often injured in child birth

A

The pubococcygeus and puborectalis stretch more than 3x thier normal length during childbirth and are often injured which can result in urinary and fecal incontinence

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7
Q

Coccygeus muscle function

A

pulls the coccyx forward after defecation

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8
Q

What is the normal position of the uterus?

A

anteverted or anteflexed, oriented anteriorly toward the bladder

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9
Q

How is the uterus orientation determined?

A
  • flexion between the uterine body and isthmus
  • Version is the angle between the cervical canal and the vagina
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10
Q

What is a retroverted or retroflexed uterus?

A

oriented posteriorly toward the rectum, this is a normal anatomical variation

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11
Q

Parts of the broad ligament

A
  • mesometrium
  • Mesovarium
  • Mesosalpinx
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12
Q

What is the mesometrium?

A

is the mesentary of the uterus and is adjacent to the uterus

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13
Q

What is the mesovarium?

A

Is the mesentary of the ovary

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14
Q

What is the mesosalpinx?

A

The mesentary of the uterine tube (also called a salpinx)

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15
Q

Describe the features of Suspensory ligament of the ovary

A
  • Through which the ovarian vessels travel from the abdominal aorta to the ovary
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16
Q

Describe the features of ovarian ligament

A

which attaches the inferomedial pole of the ovary to the uterus

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17
Q

Describe the features of round ligament of the uterus

A

which is continuous with the ovarian ligament and travels from the uterus laterally to enter the deep inguinal ring

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18
Q

Vesicouterine pouch

A

between the bladder and uterus

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19
Q

Rectouterine pouch AKA

A

Pouch of Douglas

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20
Q

Describe features of the Rectouterine pouch

A
  • between the uterus and rectum
  • it is the most inferior part of the peritoneal cavity in a supine position and is thus where fluid can accumulate and pathology can spread (ascites, tumor, endometriosis, etc.)
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21
Q

The male equivalent of the rectouterine pouch

A

Rectovesical pouch

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22
Q

What is the retropubic space?

A

is a subperitoneal potential space between the pubis and the bladder filled with fatty areolar tissue

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23
Q

Pubovesical ligaments

A

from pubic bones to bladder

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24
Q

Transverse cervical ligaments

A

(cardinal ligaments) from uterus to lateral pelvic wall

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25
Q

Uterosacral ligaments

A

from uterus to sacrum

26
Q

Male reproductive tract consists of

A
  • prostate
  • seminal vesicles
  • vas (ductus) deferens
  • testes
27
Q

Contents of the spermatic cord

A
  • contains the iliolingual nerve
  • genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
  • testicular artery
  • Pampiniform plexus
  • lymphatics
  • vas deferens (deferential vessels)
28
Q

What is the inguinal canal?

29
Q

Blood supply of the reproductive system

30
Q

Passage of the uterine artery in females

31
Q

Describe lymphatic drainage of the reproductive system

32
Q

Skin of the pelvis innervated by

A

Ventral rami of lumbosacral (L4-S4) and coccygeal spinal nerves

33
Q

Skeletal muscles of the pelvis innervated by

A

Ventral rami of lumbosacral (L4-S4) and coccygeal spinal nerves

34
Q

Smooth muscle and glands of the pelvic viscera are innervated by

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4, parasympathetic) and the thoracic, lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves (T10-12 and L1-L2, sympathetic)

35
Q

Describe the autonomic innervation of the pelvis

36
Q

Visceral afferents from intraperitoneal pelvic viscera travel

37
Q

Visceral afferents from subperitoneal pelvic viscera travel

38
Q

Describe male sympathetic/parasympathetic innervation of the reproductive organs

39
Q

Describe female sympathetic/parasympathetic innervation of the reproductive organs

40
Q

Diagram of innervation of the reproductive organs

41
Q

What is the micturation reflex?

A

regulates urination (micturation or voiding)

42
Q

Describe the anatomy of the bladder

43
Q

Describe the innervation of bladder filling and emptying

44
Q

Describe the micturation reflex when voiding is inappropriate

45
Q

Describe the micturation reflex when voiding is appropriate

46
Q

What is the perineum?

47
Q

What is the innervation and blood supply of the perineum?

A

The pudendal nerve (S2-S4) and the internal pudendal artery are the major nerve and artery of the region

48
Q

What is the deep perineal pouch?

49
Q

What is the perineal membrane?

50
Q

What is the superficial perineal pouch?

51
Q

What is the perineal body?

52
Q

What tissues compose the penis?

A
  • Corpora cavernosa
  • Corpora Spongiosum
53
Q

Tissues of the femal genitalia

54
Q

What is the bulbospongiosum?

55
Q

What is the ischiocavernosum?

56
Q

What is the superficial transverse perineal muscles?

57
Q

Penis and vagina anatomy

58
Q

Describe nervous control of erection and orgasm

59
Q

What is the pudendal nerve?

60
Q

Pudendal nerve anatomy

Human Reproduction (40 decks)

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