Week 1: Navigating the Body Flashcards
Three principles of palpation
- move slowly
- less is more
- focus on what you’re feeling
Superficial fascia
immediately deep to the skin, covers entire body
Deep fascia
Surrounds muscle bellies, holding them together and separating them into functional groups
Retinaculum
Structure that hold an organ or tissue in place
(transverse thickening of the deep fascia which straps down tendons.)
Proximal
Closer to the trunk
Distal
Further from the trunk
Superficial
Skin level, more surface
Deep
Further into the body
Superior
Above
Inferior
Below
Anterior
Front
Posterior
Behind
Medial
Closer the the midline
Lateral
Further from the midline
Flexion
Forward bending (i.e. tilting head down)
Extension
Movement that increases the angle of two bones (i.e. extending arm from bicep curl)
Adduction
Movement of a lomb towards the medial plane
Abduction
A movement of a limb away from the medial plane
Rotation
movements made about the longitudinal axis and in the transverse plane (i.e. turning a door know)
Pronation
a rotational movement of the forearm that results in the palm facing posteriorly (i.e. turning had downward)
Supination
rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces forward or upward (i.e. serving food)
Inversion
the movement of the sole towards the median plane. For example, inversion describes the motion when an ankle is twisted.
Eversion
the act of turning inside out he condition (as of the foot) of being turned or rotated outward
Circumduction
movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed. The circular (or, more precisely, conical) movement of a body part, such as a ball-and-socket joint or the eye
Dorsi Flexion
the backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot. This is the extension of your foot at the ankle and your hand at the wrist.
Plantar Flexion
a movement in which the top of your foot points away from your leg. (i.e. ballet point)
Sagittal Plane
longitudinal plane, is an anatomical plane which divides the body into right and left parts.
Midsagittal Plane
Sagittal Plane The sagittal plane divides the body vertically into equal right and left halves. This plane is also referred to as the midsagittal plane because it is on the midline of the body.
Frontal / Coronal Plane
is any vertical plane that divides the body into ventral and dorsal (belly and back) sections.
Transverse / Horizontal Plane
a horizontal plane passing through the standing body so that the transverse plane is parallel to the floor. Separating top and bottom at waistline.
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
Houses Liver and Gallbladder
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Houses Spleen and Stomach
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Houses Colon
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
Houses the Appendix
Fossa
Shallow depression
Supine
To lie face up
Prone
To lie face down
Deviation
To wander from usual course, jaw side to side
Opposition
opposible thumb
Lateral felxion
Tilting head to side
Elevation/ expansion
inhalation where ribcage moved up
Depression/collapse
Exhalation where ribcage moves down
Upward rotation of scapula
Rotates towards the body from the top
Downward rotation of scapula
Rotates from the top out and down laterally
Where a movement originates and gets direction
Superior portion of the bone
Ball and socket joint
Rotation
ellipsoid joint
Oval shape, one bone articulation with elliptical basin of another bone/
Extension, flexion, adduction, abduction.
Wrist joint
Hinge joint
Flexion and extension, elbow joint
Saddle Joint
Modified ellipsoid joint composed of convex and concave articulating surfaces. Joint between thumb and forefinger
Gliding joint
between 2 flat surfaces, least movement. Carpal bones in wrist, tarsal bones in feet.
Pivot joint
One bone rotates around another. Head and spine.
