Week 1 Lecture Flashcards
3 classifications of motor skills
Classification 1: movement precision
Classification 2: Nature of movement organization
Classification 3: Environmental Predictability
Free throw shot
closed/discrete/gross
Sign language
closed/serial/fine
Brushing teeth
closed/discrete/fine
Dribbling in soccer (game situation)
open/continuous/gross
Using a fork to eat
closed/discrete/fine & gross?
Performing soft tissue mobilization
closed/serial/gross & fine?
Walking down stairs on crutches
closed/serial/gross
Walking through a parking lot on crutches
open/continuous/gross
Motor development
- -> growth
- Motor skill changes across the lifespan
- Knowledge of this areas influences how we approach optimal growth, preservation of motor skill, and recovery after injury or disease
Motor Control
- -> Physiological
- AKA neuromuscular control
- The function of systems that execute and monitor movements
Motor Learning
- -> Behavioral
- Emphasizes brain’s role in acquiring, planning, initiating, and modifying movement skills
Name 5 classifications of Motor Skills
- Goal-oriented
- Body and/or limb movements are required to accomplish the goal
- Voluntary
- Developed as a result of practice
- May be learned, recalled, relearned, and modified
What is learning
a relatively permanent change in a person’s capability to execute a motor skills as a result of practice or experience
What 3 elements interact for a movement to occur?
Task, person, environment
What four descriptors make up the “person”
1) personal characteristics: age, experience
2) cognition : motivation, memory, attention, emotion
3) anatomy: anthropometrics, muscle/ joint function
4) perception: sensory processing
What are 4 examples for defining abilities:
1) inherited traits
2) stable and enduring
3) few in number
4) underlie performance of many skills; ie they must be in place to become highly skillful
What are 4 examples define skills:
1) developed w/ practice (learned)
2) modifiable
3) many in number
4) depend on diff. subsets ( person, task, EN)
What is neuroplascticity?
significant cortical reorganization after CNS lesions
What type of changes are present with immobilization of the ankle in the primary motor cortex (M1)
excitability changes
What two events occur after chronic ACL injury?
corticomotor excitability diminished in M1 and physiological reorganization
Are increases in cortical excitability greater or lesser later in the day than in a.m.?
Greater
Plasticity protocols applied repeatedly at short intervals _______ plastic change?
increase
True or false: Individuals who are sedentary have greater capacity for plastic change and enhanced learned/memory than active people.
False : Individuals who regularly engage in aerobic activity have greater capacity for plastic change and enhanced learned/memory than sedentary