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Foundations of Nursing > Week 1 Introduction to Nursing > Flashcards

Week 1 Introduction to Nursing Flashcards

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1
Q

What are some of the images of nursing that we discussed. Be able to explain each

A 
angel of mercy (older, religious perspective)
battle-ax
Handmaiden 
military image 
nurse as professional
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2
Q

What did Florence Nightingale do other than being the founder of modern nursing

A

Pioneer in the areas of statistics and sanitation

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3
Q

What war launched the profession of nursing in the US

A

the Civil war

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4
Q

Who was Dorothea Dix

A

Superintendent of Army nurses during the civil war

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5
Q

Who was Susie Taylor and what was her background

A

First African American Army Nurse

Born into slavery and had to attend school in secret

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6
Q

What did Clara Barton do

A

Found and first president of the American Red Cross

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7
Q

Who was Mary Elizabeth Mahoney

A

First African American to study and work as a professionally trained nurse

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8
Q

What are some of the educational paths that nurses can take according to the text

A

Formal education: practical nurse, registered nurse (diploma programs, ADNs), continuing education

Informal education

Benner’s model

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9
Q

Explain the 5 stages of the Benner’s Model

A 
Stage 1: Novice (new grad) 
Stage 2: Advanced beginner (=approx. 5 years of practice)
Stage 3: competence
Stage 4: proficient 
Stage 5: Expert
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10
Q

Define critical thinking

A

Combination of reasoned thinking, openness to alternatives, an ability to reflect and desire to seek truth

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11
Q

Clicker question The most correct definition of critical thinking is:

A: a problem solving process that enable one to show others they are wrong
B. An examination of one’s own beliefs in order to defend them intelligently
C. Purposeful, analytical thinking that results in a reasoned decision
D. Rational thinking that results in obtaining the one correct answer

A

C. Purposeful, analytical thinking that results in a reasoned decision

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12
Q

What are types of nursing knowledge? Give examples of each

A
  • Theoretical: knowing why (didactic)
  • Practical: knowing what (simulation and labs)
  • self-knowledge
  • ethical
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13
Q

Clicker question
True or false

College courses, such as microbiology and human growth and development, present content that is considered part of theoretical nursing knowledge

A

True

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14
Q

What is the definition of the nursing process

A

A systematic, patient centered, goal oriented method of caring that provides a framework for nursing practice

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15
Q

What are the 5 steps of the nursing process and what is included in each

A
  1. Assess - collecting, validating communicating data
  2. Diagnose - response to health/illness issue
  3. Plan - specifying goals/outcomes and interventions
  4. Implement - carry out plan
  5. Evaluation - measuring extent that goal achieved
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16
Q

Clicker questions

When gathering admission assessment data, the nurse obtains a weight of 200 pounds. The client states, “I’ve never weighed that much!” What should the nurse do

A. explain to the client how weight gain works
B. Check the calibration and re-weight the client
C. Document the weight as 200 pounds
D. Instruct the UAP to re-weigh the client in 2 hrs

A

B. Check the calibration and re-weigh the client.

We have to trust what the client says. If they don’t weigh that you can say “oh okay let me check my equipment”

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17
Q

Clicker question

A client’s activity level has decreased after hip replacement surgery. The client has been receiving opioid analgesia and has decreased fluid intake. Which type of diagnosis will the nurse choose?

A. Risk
B. Syndrom
C. Actual
D. Possible

A

A. Risk

We use 2 different types of diagnosis: risk and actual

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18
Q

Explain what an actual nursing diagnosis is and how you would write it

A

Actual (problem-focused)

  • First two parts:
    • patient’s problem
    • “related to” - related factor, at-risk populations, associated conditions (why did it occur?)
  • Third part:
    • “as evidence by (AEB) - defining characteristic
    • What were the things that told me what was going on with my patient

Ex: Excess fluid volume related to excess sodium intake AEB edema (2+ lower extremities)

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19
Q

Explain what an “at risk” nursing diagnosis is and how you would write it

A

At risk (vulnerability to health conditions/life processes)

  • Only two parts
    • Patient’s problem
    • “related to” - related factor, at-risk populations, associated conditions

*NOTE - At risk has not manifested (hasn’t happened yet)

Ex: Risk for falls related to acute illness

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20
Q

Clicker

The client has reddened skin and an open abrasion on the elbow from prolonged bedrest. When examining the component of the nursing diagnosis impaired skin integrity, what would be the reddened skin and open abrasion?

A. related factors
B. risk factors
C. defining characteristics
D. Diagnostic label

A

C. Defining characteristics

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21
Q

Clicker

Which statement is a priority nursing diagnosis?

A. impaired verbal communication related to altered central nervous system
B. Fluid volume excess related to compromised regulatory mechanism
C. Impaired physical mobility related to discomfort
D. Activity intolerance related to generalized weakness

A

B. Fluid volume excess related to compromised regulatory mechanism

22
Q

“By the end of this shift, patient’s lower extremities will edema rated at 2+ or less”

Is this an example of a short term goal or long term goal? why?

A

short term

it is related to a physiological response

23
Q

A short term goal should be related to what

A

some kind of physiological response

24
Q

“By the time of discharge, patient will identify at least two strategies to decrease sodium intake to 1500mg/day”

Is this an example of a short term or long term goal? why?

A

long term

This shows that education has been presented to patient to prevent further acute illness

25
Q

Why do you want education to be part of the long term goal

A

to prevent further acute illness or repeat acute illness

26
Q

clicker

Identify the client outcome/goal that is written correctly:

A. The client’s urine output will be adequate by the end of the shift
B. The client’s pneumonia will be resolved as evidence by clear breath sound bilaterally by discharge
C. The client will ambulate 20 feet in the hallway using his walker by evening shift tomorrow
D. The client will drink more fluids than he did yesterday by 7:00 pm today

A

C. The client will ambulate 20 feet in the hallway using his walker by evening shift tomorrow

27
Q

clicker

Identify the long term goal

A. Client’s pulse oxygenation level will be greater than 92% on room air by tomorrow
B. Client will administer his own insulin using correct technique by discharge
C. Client’s pressure ulcer will show presence of granulation tissue in 30 days
D. Client’s urine output will be 400mL per 8 hour shift within 72 hours

A

C. Client’s pressure ulcer will show presence of granulation tissue in 30 days

28
Q

What are independent nursing interventions? What are some examples?

A

Things I can do on my own based on my knowledge

Ex: encourage fluid, raising head of bed, encouraging coughing

29
Q

What are dependent nursing interventions? What are some examples?

A

Actions that I will do on my own but have been written by a doc

ex: Patient’s mobility schedule, the diet needs, prescribed medications

30
Q

What are collaborative nursing interventions? What are some examples

A

These are drive by the nurse assessment but completed by a provider

Ex: You see patient has a fever but no prescribed fever medications, you collaborate with provider and have antipyogenic meds prescribed

31
Q

Clicker

The nurse teaches the client how to change his ostomy appliance. Of which type of intervention is this an example?

A. indirect care
B. independent
C. Dependent
D. Collaborative

A

B. Independent

32
Q

What are the 5 rights of delegating?

A 
Right task 
Right circumstance 
Right person 
Right direction/communication 
Right supervision/evaluation
33
Q

“Nurse will use the teach-back method to assess patient’s understanding of reading food labels”

“Nurse will review the use of a food diary and give patient template”

What part of the nursing process are these statements examples of

A

intervention

34
Q

Clicker

The nurse has identified the nursing diagnosis Risk for Aspiration for a client with a swallowing disorder. What should the nurse do when deciding which feeding technique will prevent aspiration?

A. Ask the UAP, who has 20 years of experience
B. Perform an internet search on the topic
C. Ask the provider to write a prescription with specific instructions
D. Search for evidence-based, clinical practice guidelines

A

D. Search for evidence-based, clinical practice guidelines

35
Q

“Met - patient accurately interpreted sodium content on food label’s of four different foods”

“Unmet - patient requested that spouse be present; however, he did not arrive. Will provide template with discharge papers.”

What part of the nursing process are these statements an example of?

A

Evaluation

36
Q

Clicker

The nurse reviews care need for a group of clients. Which task is inappropriate to assign to the UAP?

A. Make sure a client takes his pills after his meal
B. Ambulate a post-surgical client to the bathroom
C. Bathe a client who is listed as a fall risk.
D. Feed a client with severe visual impairment

A

A. Make sure a client takes his pills after his meal

37
Q

Clicker

The nurse has determined that the goal for a particular nursing diagnosis on the client’s plan of care has not been met. What is the most important for the nurse to do?

A. Report this finding to the provider
B. Note this finding in the client’s record
C. Revise the plan of care
D. Remove the nursing diagnosis from the plan

A

C. Revise the plan of care

38
Q

As a nursing theorist, what was Florence Nightingale most known for

A

Environmental adaptation theory of practice

39
Q

What was Madeleine Leininger most known for

A

Transcultural nursing

40
Q

What was Hildegard Peplau known for

A

Interpersonal relationship/communication

41
Q

What was Margaret Newman known for

A

Interacting with the environment

42
Q

What was Martha Rogers known for

A

Science of Unitary Human Beings

43
Q

What is Betty Neuman known for

A

The system model

Total person as on open system

44
Q

What was Dorothea Orem known for

A

Self-Care Deficit Model

45
Q

What was Sister Callista Roy known for

A

Adaptation Model

Nurse as a change agent

46
Q

What was Jean Watson known for

A

Theory of Human caring

Caring promotes health and growth

47
Q

What is the difference between intrapersonal and interpersonal communication

A

intrapersonal = self talk

Interpersonal = talk between you and a few others (1 or 2)

48
Q

What does SOLER stand for regarding patient communication

A 
S - sit facing client 
O - observe open posture 
L - lean towards client 
E - establish, maintain eye contact 
R - relax
49
Q

Clicker

What accomplishment is Clara Barton best known for?

A. Becoming the first black public health nurse
B. Establishing the Henry Street settlement
C. Founding the American Red Cross
D. Publicizing the inadequacies of hospital based nursing schools

A

C. founding the American Red Cross

50
Q

Clicker Question

This part of the nursing process (ADPIE) involves critical thinking skills and the collection of data (subjective and objective)

A. Assessment 
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning 
D. Implementation 
E. evaluation
A

A. Assessment

51
Q

This part of the nursing process (ADPIE) is where goals and outcomes that directly impact/client care are formulated

A. assessment 
B. diagnosis 
C. planning 
D. implementation 
E. Evaluation
A

C. Planning

Foundations of Nursing (12 decks)

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