Week 1 - Intro Flashcards
Pharmaceutics
How various drug forms affect the dissolution of a drug, its absorption rate & its onset of action
Pharmacokinetics
What does the body do to a drug? Absorption - Distribution - Metabolism - Excretion
Peak
Highest level in body
Trough
Drug is at its lowest in body
Pharmacodynamics
What does the drug do to the body?
Agonist
Drugs that bind with a receptor to create a response
Antagonist
Drugs that bind with a receptor to block a response or make a different one
Selective Drug Action
Drug interacts with specific receptor sites to produced desired effect
Adverse Drug Reactions
- unintended - nontherapeutic - some are predictable, some are not - most severe type is an allergic reaction
Anaphylactic Shock
- exaggerated response of the immune system - massive release of histamine - swelling of eyes, face, mouth & throat - difficulty breathing, wheezing - Tachycardia - drop in blood pressure
Treatment of anaphylactic shock
- re-establish airway - get oxygen to the patient - administer epinephrine to raise blood pressure & dilate bronchi - give antihistamine to block further histamine release
Tolerance
Body’s decreased response to a drug over time, dosage increases required to obtain therapeutic efect
Cumulative effect
- also known as sensitivity - occurs secondary to metabolic changes (e.g. renal failure) resulting in poor excretion
Toxicity
- excessive doses resulting in negative physiologic effects - can also happen when liver or kidney impairment interferes with excretion
Pregnancy Risk D
Possible risk to fetus
