Week 1 Infection Control Flashcards
what is an HAI
it is an infection that patients get while receiving treatment for medical and surgical conditions.
what are the 4 most common types of HAI
central line associated bloodstream
catheter associated UTI
surgical site infections
ventilator associated pneumonia
what is key with HAI
prevention
what are the opportunities for hand washing
patient contact any patient procedure wearing gloves equipment and enviro contact WASH HANDS BEFORE AND AFTER ALL OF THE ABOVE
how do you wash your hands
- thoroughly wet hands with warm water
- apply soap and rub with friction for 15 seconds (cover all sections of hand)
- rinse with warm water
- avoid splashes and point hands down
- dry with paper towel, then shut off facet.
what are the 3 situations in which you must wash your hands with soap and water
hands visibly dirty
after bathroom
leaving patient enviro with C DIFF
TF: alcohol based hand sanitizers kill C-Diff
false, must wash hands.
when can you use an alcohol hand rub
when your hands are not visibly soiled
how long do you use hand sanitizer
15 seconds
what are the pieces of PPE
gives gown mask glasses face shields shoe covers
what are standard precautions
all patient with all setting to avoid HAI, and protect you and the patient.
what are transmission precautions
contact, airborne, droplet
what are the standard precautions a combo of
universal precautions and body substance precautions (meaning all fluids can be infectious)
what kinds of PPE is included in standard precautions, depending on exposure
hand hygiene gloves gowns face shields and masks eye protection
what are transmission precautions
when the route of transmission is not covered by standard precautions IN ADDITION TO STANDARD, you use many depending on mode of transmission (droplet, air…)
what are contact precautions
prevent transmission of infection that are spread by contact with patient, equipment, belongings, or surfaces.
when might you also use contact precautions
when you have environmental contamination from wound drainage, fecal incontinence, bodily discharge.
how should rooms be if there is contact precautions
private rooms, or at least 3 feet separating between beds, no sharing.
what is the most common mode of transmission
contact
what is the PPE for contact precautions
gloves and gown and maybe shoe covers
what do you do to enter a room with contact precautions
wash hands
don after you enter
doff before exiting
wash hands
what things might require you to use contact precautions
- MDRO (drug resistance) like MRSA and VRE
- CRE
- ebola
- C diff
- norovirus
- RSV
- rotovirus
- shingles (herpes zoster)
- scabies
what is a droplet precaution
prevent the spread of infectious agents by close mucous or respiratory membrane contact. like coughing or sneezing or talking.
how should rooms be with droplet precautions
private, or 3 feet minimum with curtain drawn
TF: you must have a mask on the patient and provider when your droplet precaution patient leaves the room
true (put on when entering, and off when exiting)
common infections with droplet precautions
ebola, whopping cough (pertussis) influenze rhinovirus pneumonia (adenovirus) Strep Rubella
what are airborne precautions
disease is infectious over long distances.
what kind of room does airborne precautions need
AIIR or airborne infection isolation room which has a negative pressure relative to surrounding areas. with an ante room so air is always sucked into the room
TF: if not possible for a AIIR room, we cannot take airborne precaution patient
false, just keep door shut and wait to transfer
what PPE do you need for airborne
N95 (fitted) that is donned in the ante room and doffed in ante room when patient door is closed.
what infections need airborne precautions
TB
measles
chicken pox
small pox
what is the SDS
the safety data sheets that have all chemicals and substances listed in it. formerly know as material safety date sheet (MSDS)
what kind of info is in an SDS
product, manufacturer, ingredients, first aide, handling storage and protection.
TF: always recap a sharp
false
TF: always do blind bed sweeps
false
TF: do not apply cosmetics, lip balm, eat or drink around a patient
true