WEEK 1: HEALTH AND HEALTH POLICY Flashcards
WHAT ARE THE METAPARADIGM CONCEPTS OF NURSING
Health: a state of being that people define in relation to their own values personality and lifestyle, basically each perosn has a different definition of health
- nurses work to imporve health
nursing perspective: disease is not equal to being unhealthy. it is more than that
person
environment
nursing
WHAT ARE SOME HISTORICAL APPROACHES TO HEALTH IN CANADA
behavioural approach: puts responsibility of health on the individual, uses health promotion strategies and says health is based on environment, human biology, and structure of healthcare
medical approach: big focus on medical intervention to treat people. focused on the treatment portion of disease. no remark towards mental state
socioeconomic aproach: acknowledges that health is closely related to socual structure (eg. poverty, physical and social environments)
- recognizes that relationship, personal health behaviours, and environments are important
WHAT ARE THE 3 MAIN POINTS OF THE OTTAWA CHARTER, WHAT APPROACH TO HEALTH DID IT FOCUS ON?
- focused on socioeconomic approach
1) Identified prerequisites for health
2) health goes beyond personal and lifestyle changes and needs to include social, environmental, and political contexts
3) responsibility for health should be on society, rather than only individuals
WHAT WERE THE 3 MAJOR HEALTH CHALLENGES NOTED BY THE EPP REPORT
1) Reducing inequities
2) increasing prevention
3) enhancing coping mechanisms
WHAT ARE THE 5 THINGS THAT THE EPP REPORT ACKNOWLEDGED
1) disparities between health exists between high and low income
2) living and working conditions are critical to health
3) effective ways needed to prevent unjury, illness, chronic conditions and disabilities
4) ability to cope is connected with chronic conditions
5) society is responsible to support those with chronic conditions, stress, mental illness, care for elderly and caregivers
WHAT ARE THE SOCIAL DETERMINENTS OF HEALTH
1) income and income distribution
2) educaiton and literacy
3) unemployment and job security
4) employment and working conditions
5) early childhood development
6) food insecurity
7) environment
8) housing
9) social exclusion
10) social safety networks
11) health services
12) indigenous status
13) gender
14) culture, race, and racism
15) disability
16) social environments
remember, the social determinents of health influence one another
WHAT ARE THE 5 STRATEGIES THE OTTAWA CHARTER THAT PROMOTE HEALTH
1) building public health policies
2) creating supportive environments
3) strengthening community action
4) developing personal skills
5) reorienting health services
WHAT ARE THE 5 PRINCIBLES OF THE CANADA HEALTH ACT
(PACUP)
1) Public administration
2) accessibility
3) comprehensiveness
4) universality
5) portability
WHAT ARE SOME KEY FEATURES OF CANADIAN MEDICARE
1) residents have reasonable access to medically neccessary services (prepaid)
2) medicare has 10 provincial and 3 teritorial insurance programs
3) canada health act is a symbol of canadian values of equity and solidarity
4) roles and responsibilities of healthcare are shared between federal and provincial governments
medicare doesn’t include pharmacare, dental, and eyecare
