Week 1 - Haemodynamic monitoring Flashcards
what is haemodynamic monitoring?
ability to real time monitor and measure pressure within the cardiovascular system
CVC
what is it/ what does it do?
is a long catheter inserted under local anesthetic by an experienced MO into a large vein until the tip reaches the superior vena cava (near the right atrium of the heart)
Most commonly used veins for CVC?
subclavian
internal jugular
external jugular
indications for haemodynamic montiroing (6)
- monitor fluid status
- administer medications
- long term access
- multipule medication administration
- administer irritating medications
- admininster large volume of fluids
types of CVCs
Short term:
- single lumen
- multi lumen
- antimicrobial
Long term:
- hickmans
- implanted venous acess ports (port a cath)
- PICC
Complications of CVC insertion
- pneumonthorax
- haemothorax (if hits blood vessel)
- air embolus
- arrthymia (if advanced too far into the heart)
- bleeding
CVC compications once inserted
- Haemorrhage
- thrombosis
- sepsis
- infection
CVP
measures the pressure within the right atrium or the superior vena cava
- guide of fluid volume and estimate of circulating blood volume
- assists in monitoring circulatory failure
normal CVP vale ?
0 - 8 mmhg
what does elevated CVP indicate?
- volume overload
- right ventricular failure
- right ventricular infarction
what does decreased CVP indicate?
- dehydration
- shock
arterial line
catheter inserted directly into an artery
- allows accurate measurement and monitoring of blood pressure
which 2 arteries can an aterial line be inserted into?
- radial artery
- femoral artery
general rules for arterial line?
- no air in line!
- never inject into arterial line
- must always be connected to monitor
- calibrate system to atmospheric pressure
- alarm parameters on and set at all times!
potential complications of arterial line?
- haemorrhage
- emboli
- infection
- inadvertent drug administration
