Week 1

Question 1

Neuropraxia

Answer 1

CLASS 1: FOOT FALLS ASLEEP :REVERSABLE - nerve injury that causes temporary and localized loss of function (sensory or motor)

Question 2

Axonotmesis

Answer 2

CLASS 2: AXON DAMAGE: RECOVERS 1 MM/DAY- localized damage to axon and myelin and varying degree of peripheral nerve connective tissue

Question 3

Neurotmesis

Answer 3

: CLASS 3 COMPLEATE LASSERATION : SURGERY-severing of axon and myelin and all connective tissue structures

Question 4

T or F axons that undergo regeneration remyelinate to pre-injury level

Answer 4

False they DO NOT remylinate to pre injury level

Question 5

Collateral sprouting

Answer 5

Collateral sprouting can be defined as the growth of intact axons into neighboring denervated territory.

Question 6

Mononeuropathy

Answer 6

peripheral nerve injury
one nerve injured

ex: carpal tunnel syndrome (median nerve)

Question 7

Mononeuropathy multiplex

Answer 7

peripheral nerve injury to 2 or more nerves and areas

Question 8

Radiculopathy

Answer 8

peripheral nerve injury
caused by nerve roots

Question 9

Plexopathy

Answer 9

a disorder of the network of nerves in the brachial or lumbosacral plexus

Question 10

Peripheral nerve disease risk factors and examples

Answer 10

risk factors: DM, renal failure, alcohol abuse, autoimmune, nutritional, hereditary infection, medication, toxins idiopathic / spontaneous

examples: Sjogren’s syndrome, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and vasculitis.

Question 11

Peripheral nerve disease symptoms and exam items

Answer 11

Symptoms: weakness, numbness, burning pain, distal to proximal symptoms

exam: treat and address early, neuroplacicity and axonal regeneration /collateral sprouting is possible

screen: autonomic dysfunction(: vasodilation, loss of vasomotor tone (dryness, warmth, edema, orthostatic hypotension ) balance and fall risk, end feel, sensoriomotor (hair loss and vascular changes )

Question 12

Open vs closed packed

Answer 12

closed: max stability and joint surface area
do not mobilize
good for WB

open: minimal surface area in this position
perform mobilizations
great rom

Question 13

Grades of mobilization with speed, amplitude an range

Answer 13

All slow
Grade 1: small beginning of range
Grade 2: big within range
Grade 3: big middle to end range
Grade 4L baby available range / tissue resistance

Grade 5: fast/ high velocity small amplitude

Question 14

End feels

Answer 14

Soft : tissue /muscle
Hard : bone cartilage
Firm: ligament/ tendon, capsular
Empty : pain
Boggy: edema /swelling

Question 15

Isometric vs isotonic vs isokinetic

Answer 15

Isometric: no change in muscle length
Isotonic: change in muscle length with force staying the same
Isokinetic: constant velocity of muscle action (requires special equipment)

Question 16

Osteokinimatics vs arthrokinimatics

Answer 16

osteo = bone motion
arthro= joint motion

Question 17

ULNT 1

Answer 17

Median nerve (tension all fingers)
shoulder: depression abduction to 110
elbow: extension
forearm: supination
wrist: extension
fingers and thumb: extension

Question 18

ULNT2

Answer 18

Median nerve
everything is the same as ULNT 1 but the shoulder is only abducted to 10

Question 19

ULNT3

Answer 19

Radial
shoulder IR , abduction 40 and extended to 25
forarm pronated
elbow extension
wrist flexion and UD
thumb flexion

Question 20

ULNT 4

Answer 20

ulnar nerve
shoulder depression and
abducted to 90
forearm pronation
elbow flexed
wrist extension and RD
thumbb in extension

Question 21

Adhesive capsulitis Characteristics Presentations Treatment

Answer 21

C: restricted AROM/PROM dense adhesive fibrosis and scarring in capsule. chronic inflammation

P: age 45-65 females associated with DM and thyroid disease. capsular pattern loss

T: increase ROM with mobilization. may need manip under anesthesia

Question 22

Shoulder impingement Characteristics Presentations Treatment

Answer 22

C: pain with overhead movement /sports RTC tendons becoming impinged under acromion and coracoacromial arch

P:painful arc of motion 60-120

T: RTC strengthening, scapular stability ,improve biomechanics

Question 23

RTC tear Characteristics Presentations Treatment

Answer 23

C: impaired blood supply to tendon, micro trauma , degeneration

P: resting/night pain, limited abduction and lateral rotation

T: ROM, isometrics, avoid slow eccentrics for 6 months after surgical repair

Question 24

Lateral epicondylitis / medial epi Characteristics Presentations Treatment

Answer 24

C: Lateral : extensor muscle overuse condition (tennis)
medial: flexor tendon overuse (golf )
P: ages 30-50 pain over lat. epi, painfull gripping

T:ROM, strength of extensors

Question 25

Colles Fracture Characteristics Presentations Treatment

Answer 25

C: fracture of distal radius due to FOOSH or blow to palmar side of wrist fragment often displaced in the dorsal and POSTERIOR direction, can lead to “dinner fork”deformity P: wrist pain, swelling, deformity, limited ROM

Question 26

Smith fracture Characteristics Presentations Treatment

Answer 26

C: reverse colles distal radius fracture anterior displacment : “garden spade” deformity P: Wrist pain, swelling, and deformity; limited ROM; tenderness over distal radius

Question 27

Achilles tendinitisCharacteristics Presentations Treatment

Answer 27

C: repetitive /overuse seen in pt. with limited flexibility, weakness, foot pronation, weakness, runners, gymnastics, dancers, basketball players P: Aching or burning in heel, tenderness of Achilles tendon, morning stiffness; can lead to rupture T: heel lift; cross-training; heel cord stretching; eccentric strengthening of gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 28

Plantar faciitis condition, presentation , treatment

Answer 28

C: Inflammation of plantar fascia at calcaneus; acute injury from excessive loading of foot or excessive pronation P: Heel pain, heel spur, morning pain, post activity pain, pain when walking barefoot

Question 29

Phase 1 of ACL protocol

Answer 29

Max protection weeks 1-4 gait training with cutches edema control week 1 WBAT/ROM as tolerated biofeedback SLR ROM 0-110 weeks 2-4 FWB: if active knee ext and pain free good quad strength CKC and OKC exercises, trunk and pelvis stabilization aerobic conditioning

Question 30

Phase 2

Answer 30

moderate protection: weeks 5-6 multiangle isometrics balance band walks pain free ROM 0-125 normalize gait 7-10 advanced strength walking/jogging

Question 31

Phase 3

Answer 31

minimum protection phase weeks 11-24 advanced PRE CKE strengthening , emphasize eccentric plyometrics ,agility, sport training , running and cutting

Question 32

Pronation movements

Answer 32

Eversion , DF, ABduction

Question 33

Eversion movements

Answer 33

inversion, PF, ADDuction

Question 34

Max vs mod vs minimal protection timeline

Answer 34

max protection : 6 weeks Moderate protection: 12 weeks minimal protection: 6 months

Question 35

According to Jandas crossed syndromes: if the deep neck flexors are inhibited what is facilitated?

Answer 35

tight upper trap/levator scapula

Question 36

According to Jandas crossed syndromes: if lower trap/ serratus anterior is inhibited what is facilitated?

Answer 36

tight SCM and pecs

Question 37

According to Jandas crossed syndromes: abdominals are inhibited what is facilitated?

Answer 37

tight thoracolumbar extensors

Question 37

According to Jandas crossed syndromes: gluteus are inhibited what is facilitated?

Answer 37

tight rectus femoris / illipsoas

Question 38

Active insufficiency

Answer 38

The inability of a two joint muscle to shorten simultaneously at both joints(contracted position)

Question 39

Passive insufficiency

Answer 39

The inability of a two joint muscle to lengthen simultaneously at both joints(lengthened position)

Question 40

Femoral anteversion (pigion toed )

Answer 40

hip internal rotation tibial internal torsion subtalar pronation toe in squinting pallae

Question 41

Femoral retroversion

Answer 41

hip external rotation tibial external torsion subtalar supination frog eyed patellae