Exercise physiology Flashcards
ATP-PC System
fast energy system , high intensity short duration
does not require oxygen
result of breakdown of phosphocreatine
ex: sprint or muscle contraction up to 15 sec.
Anaerobic Glycolysis
does not require oxygen
high intensity short duration such as sprinting 800 m.
only uses carbs
glucose -> pyruvic acid. Forms ATP and lactic acid
(50% slower than the ATP-PC system.)
ex: 30-45 sec of muscle contraction
Anatomical position
standing forward palms face up
Frontal plane (coronal)
anterior and posterior
Sagittal plane
right and left
Transverse
upper and lower
First class levers
fulcrum between the effort and the load
ex: triceps
Second class levers
the load is between the fulcrum and the effort
the effort arm is always longer than the resistance arm
ex: wheelbarrow
Third class levers
the effort is between the load and the fulcrum
effort arm is always shorter than the resistance arm
most common
ex: biceps
3 types of joints
synovial
cartilaginous
fibrous
Fibrous joints
two bones united by fibrous tissue (non synovial). Movement is minimal to none
Ex:
1. Suture (sagittal suture of the skull)
-eventual fusion termed synostosis
2. Syndesmosis (interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula
-dense fibrous membrane connecting two bones
3. Gomphosis (toooth in socket)
Cartilaginous joints
hyaline cartilage OR fibrocartilage that connects one bone to another
1. synchondrosis (sternum and rib articulation)
2. symphysis (pubic symphysis)
Synovial joints
free motion between joints they join.
5 characteristics
1. joint cavity
2. articular cartilage
3. synovial membrane
4. synovial fluid
5.fibrous capsule
Classification of synovial joints
uniaxial : hinge / pivot
biaxial: condyle / saddle
multi-axial: plane (gliding)/ ball and socket
