Week 1 Flashcards
How many stages of lifespan are there
6
Development of organs in pregnancy
Placenta - week 1
Brain and spinal cord - week 2
heart and foetal circulation - week 3
Which trimester does the foetus have the most rapid growth
Third trimester
What changes in the baby’s body after their first breath?
Constriction of the ductus arteriosus
Increased pressure in the left atrium causes the foremen ovale to close
Resp system in infancy
Soft ribcage
Poorly developed intercostal muscles. Less type 1 twitch fibres
Diaphragm is horizontal
Prefer to nose breathe
Airway diameters and lesser, increased airway resistance increased WOB
Poorly developed cilla
Approx 150 million alveoli - 400 million as an adult
Increase metabolic rate therefor increase O2 req.
Msk system in infancy
Born with 300 bones, 206 by adult
Bones are soft, cartilaginous and ossify over time
Muscle fibres are small and watery
Body fat is laid down until 9/12
Neuro system in infancy
Brain is 1/ of total body weight
Lower centres of the brain formed
Brain stem and medulla, oticular formation - sleep
‘Flexural tone’ can’t fully extend knees
Posses primitive reflexes
All neurons and nerves present just need to learn how to use
Transient exuberance
Msk system in adolescence
Accelerated bone deposition and skeletal growth with closure of epiphyseal plates
Increase strength and endurance of skeletal muscles
Testosterone had greater affect than oestrogen leading to significant difference in muscle mass between male and females
Neuro system in adolescence
Sex hormones affect the central nervous system.
Increase in sex drive and sexual behaviours triggered y increase in testosterone and oestrogen
Cardio resp system in adolescence
Presence of increased testosterone makes blood volume increase
Testosterone stimulates disproportionate growth of larynx and thickening of vocal cords which deepens the voice
Primary aging
Secondary aging
Natural deterioration
Results from disease and poor health practices that are often preventable to some degree
Manifestations of aging
Aging of tissues, maintenance processes slowdown
Tissue repair speed and effectiveness decreases. Structures nd chemical compositions altered
Appearance to aging
Thinning to epidermis. Decrease in vit d, glandular activity and thinning of the dermis
Decrease blood supply and hair production.
Greying of hair
Immunity and aging
T cells less responsive and b cells less responsive
Increase incidence of cancer
Impact of alterations to skin more likely to have an infection
Digestion, urinary and reproductive system in aging
Decline in olfactory sensitivity, loss of teeth and reduction in gut mobility
Decline in kidney function and urinary issues
Menopause and andropause
Weakened bladder muscles
Aging and the msk system
Decrease in muscle size, strength and endurance
Decreased ability to recover from injury and waste products of exercise
Decrease in bone mass, more brittle
Cardiovascular system and aging
Decrease in cardiac output, changes to conducting cells. Reduction in elasticity of cardiac muscle. Decrease in function
Decrease in Hb. Increase risk of aneurysm. Decrease in function in valves
Chest wall capacity decreases. Increase in residual volume. Stiffening of the ribcage
Neuro and aging
Decrease in size and weight of the brain. Loss of neurones and neurotransitter. Decrease in blood flow, decrease in function.
Memory oss, sight, taste, balance
Slower motor skills and reaction times
