Week 1

Question 1

Primary Prevention

Answer 1

Preventing disease before it develops

Question 2

Secondary Prevention

Answer 2

Attempts to detect disease early and intervene early

Question 3

Tertiary Prevention

Answer 3

Managing established disease and preventing further complications

Question 4

Areas of improvement for Healthy People 2020

Answer 4

1. Global health
2. healthcare associated infections
3. Preparedness
4. Health-related quality of life and well-being
5. Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias
6. Genomics
7. LGBT health
8. Adolescent health
9. Blood disorders and safety
10. Early and middle childhood health
11. Older adults
12. Sleep Health
13. Social determinants of health

Question 5

Epidemiology

Answer 5

The study of disease distribution within populations and risk factors that affect increases or decreases in distributions. Include:
- genetic
- environmental
- social
- cultural
- based on direct action by the individual

Allows us to look at the “why” of the disease and then analyze these factors for recommendations in screening, treatment, prevention, and monitoring.

the science of public health

Question 6

Determinants of Health Outcomes

Answer 6

1. Medical Care
2. Public Health interventions
3. Social Environment
4. Physical Environment
5. Genetics
6. Individual behavior

Question 7

Social determinants of health

Answer 7

1. Income
2. Education
3. Employment
4. Social Support
5. Culture

Question 8

Physical Determinants of Health

Answer 8

1. Housing
2. Air quality
3. Water quality

Question 9

stage of susceptibility

Answer 9

Time prior to development of disease

Question 10

Incidence rate

Answer 10

The occurrence of new events in a population over a period of time relative to the size of the population at risk. provides information about the rate at which new cases occur and is a measure of risk. Provide us with a direct measure of how often new cases occur within a particular population and provide some basis on which to assess risk.

Question 11

Prevalence rate

Answer 11

the number of all cases of a specific disease or attribute in a population at a given point in time relative to the size of the population at risk. Tells you what the burden is at a specific point in time.

Question 12

Health impact assessment

Answer 12

Assessment of potential health effects, positive or negative, of a particular intervention on a population. Can evaluate interventions prior to implementation and provide recommendations on how they can potentially impact the health of the population positively/negatively.

Question 13

Attributable risk (AR)

Answer 13

The amount of risk that can be attributed to exposure. A proportion of the total population

Question 14

Relative risk reduction (RRR)

Answer 14

example: what percentage of MVAs would be reduced if we eliminated texting while driving.

Question 15

Outcome

Answer 15

end result that follows an intervention

Question 16

Morbidity

Answer 16

Departure from status of well-being. Includes disease, injury, and disability within a population.

Question 17

Aggregate

Answer 17

Subpopulation. For example, if the study looked at all immigrants within a city, they are the aggregate.

Question 18

Population Health

Answer 18

Focus of care at aggregate and community levels and examination of environmental, occupational, cultural, and socioeconomic dimensions of health.

Question 19

High-risk

Answer 19

Increased chance of poor health outcome

Question 20

Mortality

Answer 20

Related to the tracking of deaths within an aggregate.

Question 21

Prevalence

Answer 21

All individuals living with the condition at a specific time

Question 22

Surveillance

Answer 22

Systematic evaluation of health data to determine planning, implementation and evaluation of health interventions.

Question 23

Data

Answer 23

Compiled information

Question 24

Community

Answer 24

Composed of multiple aggregates.

Question 25

Incidence

Answer 25

Occurrence of new cases of the disease

Question 26

Social Justice

Answer 26

The concept of fairness in relations between individuals in society and equal access to wealth, opportunities, and social privileges.

Question 27

Vital Statistics

Answer 27

Vital statistics provide insight into important trends in health, including the impact of changes in the incidence of nonmedically indicated cesarean deliveries and preterm birth, chronic conditions, progress on reducing deaths due to motor vehicle accidents, and the evolving challenge of substance abuse. Include birth and death records.

Question 28

Risk analysis

Answer 28

Epidemiology studies that contribute to human risk assessment by identifying hazards, by assessing human exposures to toxicants, and by establishing exposure response that can then be used to generate risk assessments.

Question 29

Campaign for Action

Answer 29

Working toward an America in which everyone can live a healthier life, advanced by equity-minded nurses as essential and valued partners in providing care and promoting health equity and well-being.

• improving health equity
• building healthier communities
• increasing diversity in nursing
• improving access to care
• promoting nursing leadership
• transforming nursing education
• collecting workforce data
• fostering interprofessional collaboration

Robert Wood Foundation and Institute of Medicine

Question 30

Interprofessional Collaboration

Answer 30

occurs when 2 or more professions work together to achieve common goals and is often used as a means for solving a variety of problems and complex issues.

Question 31

Goals of Healthy People 2020

Answer 31

• Improve quality of life, free of preventable disease
and premature death.
• Achieve health equity and eliminate disparities.
• Create healthy social and physical environments
• Promote quality of life, health development and
health behaviors