Weberian

Question 1

Class= Weber

Answer 1

Class is based on job, income, and skills. Society has different occupational classes. Status is about social prestige, and groups compete for it using status symbols. Party refers to power struggles in politics and organizations, which influence wealth.

Question 2

Class= Parkin

Answer 2

The working class and bourgeoisie use social closure to exclude ethnic minorities from top jobs and power.

Question 3

Class= Beck

Answer 3

Power is now separate from class—political groups and movements shape identity more than economic background.

Question 4

Gender= Barron and Norris

Answer 4

Dual labour market theory – The primary market has high pay, security, and promotions, while the secondary market has low pay, poor conditions, and little opportunity. Women are more likely to be in the secondary market.

Question 5

Gender= The equal opportunities Commission

Answer 5

Horizontal segregation continues due to career choices, employer discrimination, and workplace barriers.

Question 6

Electoral Commission (2004):

Answer 6

Political activism gap – Men join powerful groups (sports, professional), while women engage in passive activism (church groups, petitions, ethical shopping). Men are more active in politics.

Question 7

Ethnicity= Rex and Tomlinson

Answer 7

Ethnic minorities face both class and status inequality, leading to poverty and the creation of a black underclass that feels marginalized and frustrated.

Question 8

Ethnicity= Parkin

Answer 8

Ethnic minorities face social closure, where the majority blocks them from top jobs and power. They hit a “concrete ceiling”, which is harder to break than the “glass ceiling.”

Question 9

Ethnicity= Barron and Norris

Answer 9

Dual labour market theory – Ethnic minorities are more likely to be in the secondary market (low pay, job insecurity, and poor conditions) rather than the primary market (high pay and job security).

Question 10

Age= Barron and Norris

Answer 10

Dual labour market theory – Young and old people are more likely to be in the secondary labour market (low pay, insecurity, fewer opportunities).

Question 11

Age= Parkin

Answer 11

Middle-aged people keep young and old people out of top positions and power.

Question 12

Age= Turner

Answer 12

Status depends on what you can offer (money, knowledge, contacts). Young and old people have less to give, so they have lower status.