Weathering/Transportation/Deposition Flashcards
The physical breakdown (disintegration) and the chemical alteration (decomposition) of rocks at or near Earth’s surface.
Weathering
The physical breakdown or disintegration of rocks at or near the surface.
Mechanical Weathering
The chemical breakdown or decomposition of rocks at or near the surface.
Chemical Weathering
What are the types of physical weathering?
- Frost wedging
- Salt crystal growth
- Sheeting or Unloading
- Biological actions
- Intrusions
The freeze-thaw action
of water trapped within fractures of rocks that cause the expansion and contraction which would eventually disintegrate rocks.
Frost Wedging
What do you call frost action when it occurs horizontally, and what do you call it when it occurs vertically?
Frost wedging if it occurs horizontally and frost heaving if it occurs vertically.
A mode of weathering near coastlines where salt from seawater accumulate and grow through cracks of rocks and fracture them while growing.
Salt Crystal Growth
Rocks that are originally covered and are then exposed are relieved from pressure, causing an unloading action and expansion.
Sheeting or Unloading
A type of physical weathering where Oorganisms, such as plants, can burrow their roots through cracks which breaks down the rocks into pieces.
Biological actions
A type of physical weathering where intrusions from beneath the surface induce pressure from below, fracturing the rock mass on the surface.
Intrusions
Enumerate the types of chemical weathering.
- Solution
- Hydrolysis
- Oxidation
A type of chemical weathering where a solution mixture of reactive components specific to rocks.
Solution
Chemical breakdown of minerals in rocks due to addition of water.
Hydrolysis
Chemical breakdown of minerals in rocks due to exposure to oxygen.
Oxidation
The removal of materials or sediments by mobile agents such as water, wind, ice, or humans.
Erosion
What are the four types of transport media?
- Air
- Water
- Ice
- Gravity
Which transport media is the strongest? and which is the most effective?
Ice is the strongest and water is the most effective.
What are the two modes of transport
Bedload and Suspended Load
Sediments rolling along the surface of the bed.
Rolling
A series of jumping movement of sediments.
Saltation
Sediments suspended in the transporting media.
Suspension
The volume of void space in a sedimentary rock.
Porosity
Porosity associated with the original depositional texture of the sediment.
Primary porosity
Porosity that developed after deposition and burial of the sediment in the sedimentary basin.
Secondary Porosity
