Chemical Seds/Carbonates

Question 1

Enumerate the six types of non-clastic rocks.

Answer 1

1. Carbonates
2. Evaporites
3. Siliceous
4. Organic Carbonaceous Rocks
5. Ironstones
6. Phosphates

Question 2

Clastic or non-clastic sedimentary rocks dominantly composed of calcareous minerals

Answer 2

Carbonates

Question 3

common calcareous minerals

Answer 3

calcite, aragonite dolomite, and siderite.

Question 4

Calcaerous clasts can form through what processes?

Answer 4

Chemical precipitation or Organic processes.

Question 5

Sedimentary rocks dominantly composed of calcite.

Answer 5

Limestone

Question 6

Sedimentary rocks dominantly composed of dolomite

Answer 6

Dolostone

Question 7

A process where dolostone are products of diagenetic processes that converted calcite carbonates to dolomite.

Answer 7

Dolomitization

Question 8

Also called allochems, sand- to gravel- sized carbonate particles that include shells, ooids, limeclasts, and peloids.

Answer 8

Grains

Question 9

Mud-sized carbonate particles in limestones and dolostones.

Answer 9

Micrite

Question 10

The process where micro-boring activity of blue-green, cyanophyte bacteria.

Answer 10

Micritization

Question 11

Clastic carbonates dominantly composed of ooids.

Answer 11

Oolites

Question 12

Clastic carbonates - dominantly composed of pisoids.

Answer 12

Pisolites

Question 13

Carbonate rocks with gravel-sized particles.

Answer 13

Calcirudite/Dolorudite

Question 14

Carbonate rocks with sand-sized particles.

Answer 14

Calcarenite/Dolarenite

Question 15

Carbonate rocks with mud-sized particles.

Answer 15

Calcilutite/Dololutite

Question 16

A coarse limestone made up of poorly cemented shells and shell fragments.

Answer 16

Coquina

Question 17

A soft, porous variety of limestone made up of almost entirely hard parts of microscopic marine organisms.

Answer 17

Chalk

Question 18

A type of limestone commonly deposited in caves.

Answer 18

Travertine

Question 19

A type of limestone commonly deposited in hot springs.

Answer 19

Tufa

Question 20

Enumerate the seven carbonate-forming animals.

Answer 20

1. Molluscs - Snails
2. Bivalves - Shells
3. Gastropods - Mollusca phyllum
4. Echinoids - Sea urchins
5. Crinoids - Sea lilies
6. Foraminifera - Single-celled organisms
7. Cnidaria - Corals

Question 21

Enumerate the six carbonate-forming plants.

Answer 21

1. Algae
2. Rhodophyta - red algae
3. Chlorophyta - green algae, rod shaped
4. Nanoplankton - yellow algae
5. Cyanobacteria
6. Coccolithophore

Question 22

An important source of biogenic carbonates.
(carbonate-forming plants)

Answer 22

Algae

Question 23

Important prehistoric carbonate-forming organisms.

Answer 23

Cyanobacteria

Question 24

Phytoplankton with calcite test. (carbonate-forming plants)

Answer 24

Coccolithophore