Weathering and mass movement

Question 1

What is a cliff

Answer 1

A steep high rock face formed by weathering and erosion

Question 2

What is a steep high rock face formed by weathering and erosion

Answer 2

A cliff

Question 3

What is weathering

Answer 3

The weakening or decay of rocks in their original place

Question 4

What is the weakening or decay of rocks in their original place

Answer 4

Weathering

Question 5

What are the 3 types of weathering

Answer 5

Mechanical, chemical and biological

Question 6

What type of weathering is freeze-thaw

Answer 6

Mechanical

Question 7

What type of weathering is salt weathering

Answer 7

Mechanical

Question 8

What type of weathering is carbonation

Answer 8

Chemical

Question 9

What type of weathering is flora

Answer 9

Biological

Question 10

What type of weathering is fauna

Answer 10

Biological

Question 11

What is flora

Answer 11

Plants

Question 12

What is fauna

Answer 12

Animals

Question 13

What is mechanical weathering

Answer 13

The disintegration of rocks

Question 14

What is scree

Answer 14

Rock fragments

Question 15

What is chemical weathering

Answer 15

Weathering caused by chemical changes

Question 16

What is biological weathering

Answer 16

Weathering due to the actions of flora and fauna

Question 17

What are the 4 steps of freeze-thaw weathering

Answer 17

Water collects in pores in the rock, at night it freezes and expands making cracks bigger, in the day it melts seeping deeper into the rock, the process repeats

Question 18

What are pores

Answer 18

Cracks and holes

Question 19

What are the 3 steps of salt weathering

Answer 19

Salt evaporates from seawater and leaves behing crystals, the crystals collect in pores and expand, this puts pressure on rocks and they flake away

Question 20

What are the 2 steps of carbonation

Answer 20

Rainwater absorbs CO² becoming acidic, it reacts with alkali rocks such as chalk and limestone and dissolves them

Question 21

What is flora weathering

Answer 21

Plant roots grow in cracks in the rocks

Question 22

What is fauna weathering

Answer 22

Animals such as rabbits burrow into weak rocks such as sands

Question 23

What is erosion

Answer 23

Wearing away and removal of material by a moving force

Question 24

What is the wearing away and removal of material by a moving force

Answer 24

Erosion

Question 25

What does impermeable mean

Answer 25

Rocks that dont allow water to pass through

Question 26

What type of rocks allow water to pass through

Answer 26

Impermeable

Question 27

What is pearmeable rock

Answer 27

Rocks that allow water to pass through

Question 28

What types of rock allow water to pass through

Answer 28

Permeable

Question 29

What does saturated mean

Answer 29

When a meterial cant hold anymore water

Question 30

What is it called when a meterial cant hold anymore water

Answer 30

Saturated

Question 31

What is the base of a cliff

Answer 31

The bottom

Question 32

What is the bottom of a cliff called

Answer 32

The base

Question 33

What is mass movement

Answer 33

The downward movement of material due to gravity

Question 34

What is the the downward movement of material due to gravity

Answer 34

Mass movement

Question 35

What is solution

Answer 35

The dissolving of soluble chemicals in rocks

Question 36

What is the dissolving of soluble chemicals in rocks

Answer 36

Solution

Question 37

What is hydraulic action

Answer 37

Water compresses air into cracks causing the rocks to break apart

Question 38

What is water compressing air into cracks causing the rocks to break apart

Answer 38

Hydraulic action

Question 39

What is cavitation

Answer 39

The explosive force of trapped air operating in a crack

Question 40

What is the explosive force of trapped air operating in a crack

Answer 40

Cavitation

Question 41

What is attrition

Answer 41

Rock fragments smashing into each other making them smaller and rounder

Question 42

What is it called when rock fragments smash into each other making them smaller and rounder

Answer 42

Attrition

Question 43

What is corrasion

Answer 43

Rock fragments are pucked up and thrown at cliffs by the sea, scraping and gouging to erode the rock

Question 44

What is it called when rock fragments are pucked up and thrown at cliffs by the sea, scraping and gouging to erode the rock

Answer 44

Corrasion

Question 45

What is abrasion

Answer 45

The sandpapering of rocks over a rocky platform making it smoother

Question 46

What is the sandpapering of rocks over a rocky platform making it smoother

Answer 46

Abrasion

Question 47

What are the 4 types of mass movement

Answer 47

Mudslide, landslide, rockfall and slumping(rotational slip)

Question 48

What are mudslides, landslides, rockfalls and slumping(rotational slip) examples of

Answer 48

Mass movement

Question 49

What are the 5 steps of slumping

Answer 49

Soft boulder clay is left behind from glaciers, it is eroded by hydraulic action and abrasion, prolonged rainfall saturates the permeable soft boulder clay increasing its weight, the clay slumps due to increased weight and gravity, debris at the base of the cliff is eroded by the sea and the cliff is exposed again

Question 50

What are the 5 steps of a landslide

Answer 50

There is cliff made of resistant material, the base of the cliff is eroded by hydraulic action and abrasion, not weathering processes, creating a wave cut notch, at the notches size increases the weight of the cliff above becomes too much to support causing a landslide

Question 51

What are the 2 steps of a rockfall

Answer 51

Freeze-thaw weathering occurs, arter many times rocks break off and fall to the base of the cliff as scree

Question 52

What is scree

Answer 52

Rock fragments at the base of a cliff

Question 53

What are rock fragments at the base of a cliff

Answer 53

Scree

Question 54

What are the 4 steps of a mudslide

Answer 54

The form from boulder clay, the less resistant permeable boulder clay becomes saturated after prolonged rainfall, due to gravity the boulder clay slides, it slides faster than slumping, occuring on steeper cliffs