Weathering and Erosion

Question 1

What is weathering?

Answer 1

the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces. (sediments)

Question 2

What is erosion?

Answer 2

the removal or transport of sediments via wind and water.

Question 3

What is deposition?

Answer 3

the placing of sediments in a new location.

Question 4

What are the types of weathering?

Answer 4

• physical or mechanical
• chemical
• biological

Question 5

What is physical/mechanical weathering?

Answer 5

Physical forces such as frost and differences in temperature break the rock into smaller pieces.

Question 6

What is chemical weathering?

Answer 6

Chemical changes make the rock weaker.

Question 7

What is biological weathering?

Answer 7

Plants growing into cracks of a rock or animal burrowing into the ground weakens the rocks.

Question 8

What is a type of physical weathering?

Answer 8

Exfoliation is when the rock looses layers.

Question 9

What is a type of chemical weathering?

Answer 9

Carbonation is when carbon dioxide in the air mixes with water droplets in the clouds forming a weak carbonic acid. when it rains the acidic water seeps into the ground. leaving a whole underground.

Question 10

What is another type of chemical weathering?

Answer 10

oxidation is when oxygen reacts with iron present in the rock. this creates an iron-oxide causing the rock to turn a reddish brown.

Question 11

What is Hydrolysis?

Answer 11

A type f chemical weathering . if the rock is rich in minerals they absorb water and turn into clay making rock crumble.

Question 12

What can a human do to impact weathering?

Answer 12

Construction, mining, deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions.

Question 13

What is a silt?

Answer 13

Very fine sediment carried by a river.

Question 14

What is a Tributary?

Answer 14

Smaller river that flows into a bigger river.

Question 15

What is a load?

Answer 15

All the sediments that a river transports.

Question 16

What is a Gorge?

Answer 16

Gorges: Backwards (headward erosion) causes the position of the waterfall to retreat upstream, forming a steep-sided valley in the process​

Question 17

What is a canyon?

Answer 17

Canyons: Fast flowing rivers have increased energy and erode downwards (vertical erosion), creating a deep, steep-sided valley

Question 18

What is a meander?

Answer 18

Outer bend: water flows faster and erodes more sediment, forming a steep river cliff​

Question 19

What is a inner bend?

Answer 19

Inner bend: water flows slower and deposits more sediment, forming a slip-off slope

Question 20

What is a Levee?

Answer 20

Levees: numerous floods cause deposits of sediment to collect on the sides of the river, building up the embankments

Question 21

What is a delta?

Answer 21

Deltas: the sediment in the river channel causes the river to break into smaller channels called distributaries​

Question 22

What is a glacier?

Answer 22

Glaciers are masses of ice that move slowly downhill under the influence of gravity.​

Question 23

What is abrasion?

Answer 23

rocks and pebbles inside the glacier scrape along the ground as the glacier slides over the surface​

Question 24

What is plucking?

Answer 24

fragments are lifted and removed from the bedrock by moving ice​

Question 25

What is a cirque?

Answer 25

bowl-shaped hollows formed as the weight of the glacier and its sediment weather and erode into the hollow​

Question 26

what is a Arête?

Answer 26

a ridge on a mountain which was eroded on two sides by glaciers​

Question 27

What is a horn?

Answer 27

the pointed peak of a mountain left after erosion by glaciers has occurred on all surrounding sides​

Question 28

What a U-Shaped valley?

Answer 28

U-shaped valleys: glaciers that erode cirques and arêtes often join up to form even bigger glaciers in lower areas​

Question 29

What is a Truncated Spur?

Answer 29

as glaciers erode further down into the valleys, they often cut off the spurs (hills) that protrude into the valley​.

Question 30

What is Moraine?

Answer 30

rock that is left on the sides and end of a glacier as it melts​.

Question 31

What is a terminal moraine?

Answer 31

rock that is left on the end of a glacier once the ice melts​.

Question 32

What is Lateral Moraine?

Answer 32

rock that is left on the sides of a glacier once the ice melts​

Question 33

What are Eskers?

Answer 33

ridges of sand and rock formed by rivers flowing under a glacier​.

Question 34

What is a Drumlin?

Answer 34

ridges of sand and rock formed by rivers flowing under a glacier​