Weather services Flashcards
How would one reach EFAS?
By tuning into 122.0 MHz
Where does one find HIWAS?
Look for the “H” on a sectional chart and tune into the frequency indicated
What four types of information can be contained within an HIWAS?
AIRMETS, SIGMETS, convective SIGMETS, and urgent PIREPs
What is a standard briefing?
A standard briefing is the most complete report and provides the overall weather picture. This type of briefing should be obtained prior to the departure of any flight and should be used during flight planning.
What are the three types of weather briefings that you can request?
Standard, abbreviated, or outlook
What is an abbreviated briefing?
An abbreviated briefing is a shortened version of the standard briefing. It should be requested when a departure has been delayed or when weather information is needed to update the previous briefing. When this is the case, the weather specialist needs to know the time and source of the previous briefing so the necessary weather information will not be omitted inadvertently. It is always a good idea to update weather whenever a pilot has additional time
What is an outlook briefing?
An outlook briefing should be requested when a planned departure is 6 hours or more away. It provides initial forecast information that is limited in scope due to the timeframe of the planned flight. This type of briefing is a good source of flight planning information that can influence decisions regarding route of flight, altitude, and ultimately the go/no-go decision.
What are three types of aviation weather reports?
METAR, PIREPs, and radar weather reports (SDs).
What are the following abbreviation in a PIREP: /RM, /TA, /TB, /OV, /TP, /TM, /WX, /SK, /WV, /IC, /FL
Remark, temperature, turbulence, location, aircraft type, time, flight visibility and weather, sky cover, wind, icing, altitude
What are RAREPs?
Radar weather reports
What are SD?
Storm detections, same as RAREP
What different clouds are reported in TAF vs METAR
TAFs include only cumulonimbus (CB) where METAR reports CB or towering CB
What is difference between BECMG and TEMPO
“BECMG” is used when a gradual change in the weather is expected over a period of no more than 2 hours. “TEMPO” is used for temporary fluctuations of weather, expected to last less than one hour
How often are TAFs updated? How often are METARs updated?
Four times per day, at 0, 0600, 1200, 1800 Z for TAF; METARs are hourly, unless a special (SPECI) METAR becomes necessary
FA
Aviation area forecast: The FA gives a picture of clouds, general weather conditions, and visual meteorological conditions (VMC) expected over a large area encompassing several states. There are six areas for which area forecasts are published in the contiguous 48 states. Area forecasts are issued three times a day and are valid for 18 hours. This type of forecast gives information vital to en route operations, as well as forecast information for smaller airports that do not have terminal forecasts
What are the four sections of an FA?
Header, precautionary statements, weather SYNOPSIS, and VFR CLOUDS/WX section
What is a TAF?
Concise statement of the expected meteorological conditions at an airport during a specified period (usually 24 hours)
The full name for a METAR is a _________
Aviation routine weather report.
FB
Winds and temperature aloft forecast.
Are temperature aloft wind directions true or magnetic?
True
How are the following handled in an FB? (1) Wind speed greater than 100; (2) Wind speed less than 5 kts; (3) Temperature above FL270
(1) 50 is added to direction, meaning you need to add 100 to reported wind speed; (2) FB will be 9900 followed by temperature; (3) All temperatures are assumed to be negative
How often is FB updated?
Twice per day
Is FB true altitude or pressure altitude?
True up to 12,000, then pressure above
Weather depiction chart is ……
The charts that display IFR, MVFR, VFR conditions with information about ceilings, visibility, types of weather, and ceiling height
Radar weather reports detect ______ but not _______
drops or ice particles of precipitation size, but not clouds or fog
Radar weather reports are the only report that show ____
lines and cells of hazardous thunderstorms
In a low-level significant weather prognostic chart, MVFR is defined as:
Ceilings 1000-3000, and 3-5 SM visibility
Low level significant weather prognostic charts are for weather at which altitudes?
24,000 MSL and below
What is the difference between an AIRMET and a SIGMET?
AIRMETs are of interest to small aircraft, SIGMETs are of interest to everyone
AIRMETs contain information about which four things?
moderate icing or turbulence, sustained winds >30 kts, widespread areas of IFR, extensive mountain obscurement
Convective SIGMETs contain information about;
tornadoes, lines of thunderstorms, low-level wind sheer, severe turbulence;
SIGMETs and AIRMETs are released every:
30 minutes, at 15 and 45 past the hour.
Convective SIGMETs are released every;
hourly at 55 minutes after the hour, but can have unscheduled ones at 15, 30, or 45 after.
WA, WS, WST
AIRMET, SIGMET, convective SIGMET
What are the three inflight weather advisories?
AIRMET, SIGMET, convective SIGMET
What are the six things to do when calling for a telephone weather briefing?
1) ID yourself as a pilot; 2) State whether you are flying VFR or IFR; 3) State intended route, destination, and type of aircraft; 4) Get standard briefing to get complete information; 5) Request abbreviated when only 1 or 2 items needed; 6) Request outlook briefing when proposed departure time is 6 or more hours away.
What are the specific AIRMETs for icing/freezing level, turbulence/strong winds/windshear, and IFR conditions/mountain obscuration?
Zulu, Tango, Sierra
