Aeomedical Factors and ADM Flashcards
Hypoxic hypoxia is ______
a result of insufficient oxygen available to the body as a whole
Hypemic hypoxia occurs when
he blood is not able to take up and transport a sufficient amount of oxygen to the cells in the body. The oxygen deficiency is in the blood, not the result of too little inhaled oxygen.
EXAMPLE: Carbon monoxide poisoning
Stagnant hypoxia results when
oxygen-rich blood in the lungs is not moving.
EXAMPLE: Shock, reduced circulation due to extreme cold, or pulling excessive Gs in flight
Histotoxic hypoxia is the
inability of cells to effectively use oxygen.
EXAMPLE: Impairment due to alcohol and drugs
Symptoms of hypoxia include
an initial feeling of euphoria but lead to more serious concerns such as headache, decreased reaction time, visual impairment, and eventual unconsciousness
The correct response to counteract feelings of hypoxia is
to lower altitude or use supplemental oxygen.
Hyperventilation occurs when
an excessive amount of air is breathed out of the lungs, e.g., when one becomes excited or undergoes stress, tension, fear, or anxiety.
Physiologically, hyperventilation results in
an excessive amount of carbon dioxide passed out of the body and too much oxygen retained
Symptoms of hyperventilation include
dizziness, hot and cold sensations, nausea, etc.
Overcome hyperventilation by
slowing the breathing rate, breathing into a bag, or talking aloud.
Pilots should adapt their eyes for night flying by
avoiding bright white lights for 30 min. prior to flight.
Which is better at night, off-center eyesight or on-center?
Off center
What effect does haze have on location of terrain?
Makes objects seem farther away than they actually are.
What are first symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning?
Blurred (hazy) thinking and vision, uneasiness, dizziness, and tightness across the forehead are early symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning.
What are later symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning?
They are followed by a headache and, with large accumulations of carbon monoxide, a loss of muscle power.
What effect does altitude have on carbon monoxide poisoning, and why?
increases in altitude increase susceptibility to carbon monoxide poisoning because of decreased oxygen availabilit
What are the 5 hazardous attitudes of ADM, and what are teh antidotes?
Antiauthority: Don’t tell me!; Follow the rules. They are usually right.
Impulsivity: Do something quickly!; Not so fast. Think first.
Invulnerability: It won’t happen to me.; It could happen to me.
Macho: I can do it.; Taking chances is foolish.
Resignation: What’s the use?; I’m not helpless. I can make a difference.
What is scud running?
When a pilot pushes his/her capabilities and the airplane to the limits by trying to maintain visual contact with the terrain while trying to avoid contact with it during low visibility and ceilings.
What is recommendation for scanning the sky at night?
Scan areas about 10 degrees apart at a time, allowing at least one second per region, using off-center vision.
The recommended waiting time before going to flight altitudes of up to 8,000 feet is at least ____ hours after diving that does not require controlled ascent (nondecompression stop diving), and at least ____ hours after diving that does require controlled ascent (decompression stop diving).
12 hrs, 24 hrs
The waiting time before going to flight altitudes above 8,000 feet should be at least ____ hours after any scuba dive.
24 hrs
