Weather and Climate Flashcards
How many times did the harvest fail in Scotland?
7
What are the 2 main greenhouse gases?
Carbon Dioxide
Methane
What is the greenhouse effect?
It is theimpacton the global climate of the increased amounts ofcarbondioxide and other greenhouse gases thathumanhave released into theEarthsatmosphere since theIndustrialRevolution.
How do factories and industry contribute to global warming?
Factories/industry need power to work, to obtain power they burn fossil fuels, coal gas and oil, when you burn fossil fuels they produce CO₂
How does transport contribute to global warming?
Most forms of transport use fossil fuels to power them, so when they are burnt, gasses like carbon dioxide are released which build up in the atmosphere adding to the enchanted greenhouse effect.
How does energy contribute to global warming?
The generation of power accounts for 25% of global carbon dioxide emissions.
The main source is coal and natural gasses to produce electricity.
How does farming contribute to global warming?
Livestock produce methane gas as part of their digestion of eating
Manure is another producer of methane but new storage methods that allow less exposure to oxygen have reduced the amount of methane.
Farms have lots of machinery which burn lots of gas to produce CO₂.
The growing of rice produces methane and as in countries such as India and China base most of their diet on rice, the more rice is grown the more methane produced by rice growing.
What are the names for the 3 types of circulation cells?
Hadely Cels
Ferrel Cells
Polar Cells
What is the main source of heat on Earth?
the sun
Why is the equator warmer than the poles
The Earth’s surface is heated unevenly, which means there is a heat surplus at the Equator and a heat deficit at the poles.
How is heat moved around?
Heat is moved around the globe in 2 ways, by circulation cells and ocean currents.
Describe how the ocean moves heat around the globe?
The oceans transfer approximately 20% of the total heat that is transferred from the tropics to the poles.
In the Northern Hemisphere currents move in a clockwise direction and in the Southern Hemisphere they move in an anticlockwise direction.
The strongest currents are on the Western side of the oceans.
Where do cyclones typically occur?
Cyclones typically occur over tropical and subtropical oceans between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
What is the average wind speed in a cyclone?
The average wind speed in a cycle is 120 kph but winds of 400 kph have been recorded.
How are cyclones hazardous?
The high winds can rip off house roofs and, on some cases cause house to simply fall over.
The intense rainfall can destroy crops, and cause rivers to burst their banks. It can also cause landslides.
The strong winds cause storm surges which is when the sea level rises due to the strong winds blowing the sea inland which causes costal flooding.
How many states did hurricane Sandy hit?
24
What were the social impacts for Cuba after Sandy hit?
There was no electricity or fresh water
Eleven people were killed
Around 17,000 homes were destroyed and 226,000 were damaged.
More than 55,000 people were evacuated because of the storm surge.
What were the economic impacts for Cuba after Sandy hit?
Total loss in the Santiago de Cuba area came to £50 million.
Roads to the airport were blocked, so no tourists could arrive or leave the island, causing a loss in revenue.
Total losses of US $2 billion.
A 5% drop in Cuba’s GDP.
