Weather

Question 1

Dry RWY defined as

Answer 1

One which is neither wet nor contaminated… AND/OR including grooved surfaces or porous pavement to retain “effectively dry” braking action even when moisture is present.”

Question 2

Damp RWY

Answer 2

surface is not dry, but the moisture on it does not give it a shiny appearance.

Question 3

Wet RWY

Answer 3

JAA: shiny in appearance, depth less than 3mm of water.
FAA: neither dry nor contaminated.

Question 4

Contaminated RWY

Answer 4

JAA: when more than 25% of the rwy surface area within the required length and width being used is covered by:
i. more than 3.0mm of water, or by its equivalent loose snow or slush
ii. snow which has been compressed into a solid mass which resists further compression, or,
iii. ice
FAA “whenever standing [anything] is present.”
*** for t/o, consider the high-speed part of the rwy, also…

Question 5

when are Mu reports given?

Answer 5

1/3 or more of rwy to be used is contaminated

Question 6

when contamination is 13mm or more,

Answer 6

DO NOT take off

Question 7

2 kinds of drag associated with contamination

Answer 7

Impingement: spray from wheels onto airframe
Displacement: from the contamination around wheels.

Question 8

frozen precip is acceptable for t/o & Landing?

Answer 8

-FZRN
FZDZ
+SN

Question 9

types of hydroplaning

Answer 9

Viscous: like a thin film, with oil, dust or other stuff in addition to the water (happens at lower speeds than
Dynamic: normal type. 9xSq.rt.PSI
Reverted Rubber: steam assisted planing. not really an issue for a/c made after 1980.

Question 10

grooved RWY is wet?

Answer 10

only when reported as such, or +RA/SHRA or TS are reported

Question 11

not using speed brakes / spoilers on landing?

Answer 11

on dry RWY, 5 sec’s late is 100 yards extra. not using them at all, 200 yds extra and 70kts overrun speed.

Question 12

speed brakes / spoilers effectivity on stopping force

Answer 12

20-30% based on rwy condition

Question 13

Weather Radar Cat eyes or Ghost targets

Answer 13

narrow green or yellow arc, or as two small targets, caused by side lobe returns, often between 4-8nm range, at about +/-45deg. If visible during AUTO gain, it indicates that repeated painting and/or patching has significantly reduced radome transmitivity.

Question 14

wx radar most reflective for

Answer 14

wet hail

Question 15

wx radar: turbulence detected using

Answer 15

doppler circuitry based on horizontal shere, therefore works only for turb associated with precip. It makes alert when exceeding mod-severe params. limited to first 40 nm. Displayed in Magenta

Question 16

wx radar over ocean may reflect ____ side of a ____?

Answer 16

downward, wave

Question 17

Using map mode, the far limit for ground return under ideal conditions is ____.
But, the practical use is limited to about ____ nm because the beam is _______.

Answer 17

around 200 nm, as the ground after drops beyond the horizon.
80-90
practically parallel.

Question 18

Gnd returns v. wx. returns:

Answer 18

Smaller and more angular, well defined.

Question 19

Radar possibly painting two targets as one?

Answer 19

Function of range and beam width

Question 20

Reflectivity based on tilt angle:

Answer 20

Lowest (and below the frz level) is most reflective area.

Question 21

Radar Top rule of thumb formula

Answer 21

Top = [(Tilt angle - 1.5) x (range) x 100] + your altitude.

Question 22

AUTO function of Radar is ideal because

Answer 22

It optimizes angle based on range and EGPWS

Question 23

Predictive Windshear (PWS) has aural alert priority over ___, and is always on unless___.

Answer 23

EVERYTHING, unless manually switched to off on radar panel.

Question 24

PWS operates automatically below

Answer 24

2300 AGL, and gives alerts (advis, caution, warning based on location and not strength) between 15/1200 ft. AGL

Question 25

Wx Radar turb band not near a red cell, avoid by at least

Answer 25

5 nm

Question 26

Avoid cells by ___, ___, ___ !

Answer 26

10 nm upwind, 20 down, and 5k ft. above!

FOM 5-40

Question 27

When is at least one radar req’d?

Answer 27

Dispatched into IMC or Night

Question 28

Danger zone of wx radar?

Answer 28

about >4 meters from Radar Firewall in front of cockpit, about 240 degrees

Question 29

PWS FAIL nuisance message when

Answer 29

-WXR has not been selected on at any time since electrical power up, and
• one or both engines are advanced for takeoff and the indicated airspeed is increasing

Question 30

FOM says establish avoidance plan

Answer 30

?