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Science Semester 2 > Weather > Flashcards

Weather Flashcards

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1
Q

Air ________ is the measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules in the air. Molecules in warm air move _________ than molecules in cooler air.

A

temperature

faster

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2
Q

_______ is the pressure that a column of air exerts on the air or surface below it.

A

air pressure

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3
Q

air pressure decreases as altitude ________

A

increases

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4
Q

A(n) ________ is an instrument used to measure air pressure.

A

barometer

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5
Q

______ is caused by air moving from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.

A

wind

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6
Q

In a south wind, the wind is coming from the ______

A

south

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7
Q

The instrument used to measure wind speed is a(n) _____

A

anemometer

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8
Q

The amount of h2o vapor in the air is ____

A

humidity

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9
Q

When air is ________, it holds the max amt of h2o vapor possible at that ______

A

saturated

temperature

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10
Q

______ is the amt of h2o vapor in the air compared to the max amt of h2o vapor the air can hold at that temp

A

relative humidity

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11
Q

Relative humidity is reported as a(n) ______

A

percent

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12
Q

When air near the ground becomes saturated, the water vapor condenses into a liquid and forms ________

A

droplets

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13
Q

If the temp is below 0 degrees celcius, ice crystals, referred to as ______, form

A

frost

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14
Q

The temp at which air becomes fully saturated because the temp decreases while the amt of moisture stays constant is the _______

A

dew point

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15
Q

as warm air rises in the atmosphere, it ______

A

cools

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16
Q

When the air cools enough that the ______ is reached, small droplets of water form

A

dew pt

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17
Q

______ are water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere

A

clouds

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18
Q

______ is a cloud that forms near E’s surface

A

fog

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19
Q

_____ clouds are flat, white, and layered

A

stratus

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20
Q

_____ clouds are fluffy and are present at 2,000 to 6,000 m altitude

A

cumulus

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21
Q

_____ clouds are wispy and are present above 6,000 m altitude

A

cirrus

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22
Q

_____ is water, in liquid or solid form, that falls from the atmosphere

A

percipitation

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23
Q

Precipitation that falls as liquid water is ____

A

rain

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24
Q

Precipitation that is solid crystals of ice is ___

A

snow

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25
Q

Precipitation that starts as snow and then melts and freezes again is called _____

A

sleet

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26
Q

_______ is precipitation formed when ice pellets rise and fall within a cloud, adding new layers of ice during each cycle

A

hail

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27
Q

The ______ is the series of natural processes in which water continually moves among oceans, land, and the atmosphere

A

water cycle

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28
Q

water enters the atmosphere as h2o vapor when liquid h2o on E’s surface _____

A

evaporates

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29
Q

As h2o vapor cools, it _______, forming liquid h2o

A

rises and condenses

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30
Q

Clouds produce _____, which is when liquid or frozen h2o falls to E’s surface

A

precipitation

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31
Q

the atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, make up the ______ of a certain place at a certain time

A

weather

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32
Q

scientists who study and predict weather are ____

A

meteorologists

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33
Q

A(n) _______ is a large body of circulating air that has low pressure at its center and higher pressure on the outside

A

low-pressure system

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34
Q

Air moves from _______ pressure to low pressure

A

high

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35
Q

In a low-pressure system, air moves away from the _______ of the system

A

center

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36
Q

Air in the center of the system ______, and the water vapor in it condenses and forms clouds

A

rises

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37
Q

A(n) ________ is a large body of circulating air that has high pressure at its center and lower pressure on the outside

A

high-pressure system

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38
Q

High-pressure air at the center _______ and moves toward low-pressure areas

A

sinks

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39
Q

High-pressure systems bring _____ skies

A

clear

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40
Q

______ are large bodies of air that have distinct temperature and moisture characteristics.

A

air masses

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41
Q

An air mass forms when a(n) ______ system lingers in one area for a few days.

A

high pressure

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42
Q

Continental polar air mass are ____ and _____

A

fast moving

dry

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43
Q

_____ air masses are warm and humid

A

Maritime Tropical

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44
Q

_____ air masses are very cold and dry. They form over ______ or arctic ice

A

Arctic

Siberia and the Arctic?

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45
Q

A weather ______ is the boundary between two air masses

A

front

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46
Q

A(n) ______ front forms when a colder air mass moves toward a warmer air mass. It often brings severe ______ and cooler temperatures

A

cold

storms

47
Q

A(n) ______ front forms when a warmer air mass moves toward a cooler air mass

A

warm

48
Q

As the warm air rises, h2o vapor condenses, and ______ often occurs

A

rain

49
Q

A warm front brings ______ temperatures and shifting winds

A

warm

50
Q

A(n) ______ front forms when the boundary between two air masses stalls. It brings _____ skies and light rain.

A

stationary

cloudy

51
Q

A low-pressure system can provide the warm temps, moisture, and rising air needed for a(n) _____ to form

A

thunderstorms

52
Q

The ______ stage of a thunderstorm starts with cloud formation and updrafts

A

cumulus

53
Q

The _______ stage of a t-storm contains heavy winds, rain, and lightning

A

mature

54
Q

During the _____ stage of a t-storm, wind and rain subside.

A

dissipation

55
Q

Lightning is caused by oppositely ______ particles in clouds and on the ground.

A

charged

56
Q

A violent, whirling column of air that contacts the ground is a(n) ____

A

TORNADO!

57
Q

The atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, make up the ________ of a certain place at a certain.

A

weather

58
Q

Tornadoes form when updrafts from thunderstorms begin to ________

A

rotate

59
Q

_______ is the name for the part of the United States that has the most tornadoes

A

Tornado Alley

60
Q

A(n) _______ is an intense tropical storm with winds exceeding 119 km per hour

A

Hurricane

61
Q

hurricanes typically form in late summer over warm, tropical _______ and are the largest type of severe storm

A

oceans

62
Q

When a hurricane moves over land or _______ water, it loses energy

A

colder

63
Q

A(n) ______ is a severe winter storm, characterized by freezing temps., strong winds, and blowing snow

A

blizzard

64
Q

The United States National Weather Service issues a(n) __________ when severe weather is possible. It issues a(n) ________ when severe weather is already occuring

A

watch

warning

65
Q

Meteorologists measure ______ before making a forecast

A

conditions

66
Q

A(n) _______ describes a set of weather measurements made on Earth’s surface

A

surface report

67
Q

Measurements include temp, air pressure, humidity, precipitation, and wind _______ and _______

A

speed

direction

68
Q

A(n) _________ describes wind, temp, and humidity conditions above Earth’s surface

A

upper-air report

69
Q

A(n) ______ is a package of weather instruments that are carried into the atmosphere by a weather balloon

A

radiosonde

70
Q

Satellites provide weather information by measuring the _______ given off by Earth and by taking photographs.

A

infrared energy

71
Q

_______ images provide information about cloud height and temperature

A

infrared

72
Q

_______ is a special form of radar that can be used to detect precipitation and approximate wind speeds

A

doppler radar

73
Q

The ______ model displays many weather measurements for a specific location. It appears on ______

A

station

the book don’t say where it appears

74
Q

Weather maps have ________, which are symbols made up of lines that connect places that have equal air pressure. These lines give information about _____

A

isobars

wind-speed

75
Q

_______ are lines that connect places that have the same temp

A

isotherms

76
Q

_______ are represented as lines w/ symbols on them

A

fronts

77
Q

Modern weather forecasts are made with the help of ________

A

computer models

78
Q

_______ are detailed computer programs that solve a set of complex mathematical formulas. The formulas predict _______, winds, precipitation, and types of clouds.

A

computer models

temperatures

79
Q

series of processes through which water moves around the globe

A

water cycle

80
Q

the amt of h2o vapor in the air compared to the max possible amt of h2o vapor the air can contain at that temp

A

relative humidity

81
Q

energy an object has because of its motion

A

kinetic energy

82
Q

atmospheric conditions at a certain place and time

A

weather

83
Q

a quantity that can be changed

A

variable

84
Q

a force exerted by a column of air

A

air pressure

85
Q

the amt of h2o vapor in the air

A

humidity

86
Q

boundary at which h2o vapor becomes liquid h2o

A

dew point

87
Q

_______ includes rain, snow, and sleet

A

precipitation

88
Q

a large body of circulating air with high pressure at its center and lower pressure outside of the system

A

high-pressure system

89
Q

a large body of circulating air with low pressure at its center and higher pressure outside of the system

A

low-pressure system

90
Q

a large area of air that has uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure

A

air mass

91
Q

a boundary between two air masses

A

front

92
Q

a violent, whirling column of air in contact with the ground

A

TORNADO!

93
Q

an intense tropical storm with winds exceeding 119 km/hr

A

hurricane

94
Q

a violent winter storm characterized by freezing temperatures, strong winds, and blowing snow

A

blizzard

95
Q

a description of a set of weather measurements made on Earth’s surface

A

surface report

96
Q

a description of wind, temperature, and humidity conditions above Earth’s surface

A

upper-air report

97
Q

a specialized type of radar that can detect precipitation as well as the movement of small particles, which can be used to approximate wind speed

A

Doppler radar

98
Q

lines that connect all places on a map where pressure has the same value

A

isobar

99
Q

detailed computer programs that solve a set of complex mathematical formulas

A

computer model

100
Q

what instrument measures air pressure

A

barometer

101
Q

what is air pressure measured in

A

millibars

102
Q

what measures wind speed

A

anemometer

103
Q

what is humidity measured in

A

grams of water per cubic meter of air (g/m^3)

104
Q

what instrument measures relative humidity

A

psychrometer

105
Q

what is relative humidity measured in

A

percent

106
Q

list steps of wate cycle

A

evaporation, condensation, precipitation

107
Q

clouds form when water changes from _____ to ______

A

gas to liquid

108
Q

what type of precipitation reaches Earth’s surface as large pellets of ice

A

hail

109
Q

what kind of clouds are wispy and at high altitudes

A

cirrus

110
Q

what sinking air situation usually brings fair weather?

A

high-pressure system

111
Q

what diagram shows surface weather measurements?

A

a station model

112
Q

what does doppler radar measure?

A

The speed at which precipitation travels

113
Q

What else should you do to study?

A

READ THE STUPID “CHAPTERS”

Science Semester 2 (5 decks)

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