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Physics > Waves (Chapter P14) > Flashcards

Waves (Chapter P14) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the equation for wave speed

A

wave speed = frequency x wavelength

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2
Q

What is the equation for speed

A

speed = distance / time

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3
Q

What is the name given to a reflected sound wave

A

An echo

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4
Q

What is reflection

A

When a wave hits an object an is then reflected at the same angle

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5
Q

What is refraction

A

Refraction is the change in speed of a wave when it reaches the boundary between two different materials.
It happens because materials have different optical densities.
It causes the wave to change direction.

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6
Q

What is a transverse wave

A

In a transverse wave vibrations are at right angles (perpendicular) to the direction of energy transfer
(direction of the wave).
These vibrations cause peaks and troughs.

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7
Q

Name some examples of transverse waves

A

Waves on the surface of water (ripples) and all electromagnetic radiation such as visible light

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8
Q

What is a longitudinal wave

A

In a longitudinal wave vibrations are in the same direction (parallel) as the direction of energy transfer
These vibrations cause compressions and rarefactions.

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9
Q

What examples are there of longitudinal waves

A

sound waves

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10
Q

What is the definition of a frequency

A

The frequency of a wave is defined as the number of vibrations per second (or the number of waves
per second).
The unit is Hz (Hertz)

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11
Q

What is the definition of time period

A

Time period is defined as the time for one vibration (or the time for one wave to pass a point).
The unit is s (seconds).

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12
Q

What is the definition of amplitude

A

The amplitude is the maximum displacement of a vibration from its rest position.

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13
Q

What is the definition of wavelength

A

The definition of wavelength is the distance from a point on a wave to the same point on the next
wave (peak to peak for example).
The unit is m (metres).

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14
Q

What is the relationship between time period and frequency

A

Time period = 1 / frequency

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15
Q

What is wave speed

A

Wave speed is the speed at which energy is transferred through the medium.

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16
Q

What is a specular reflection

A

Specular reflection happens when light is shone on smooth surfaces.
Parallel rays of incident light are reflected in a predictable manner and remain parallel to each other upon reflection.

17
Q

What is diffuse reflection

A

Diffuse reflection happens on rough surfaces.

Parallel rays of light do not remain parallel to each other on reflection and are scattered in different directions.

18
Q

What is the law of reflection

A

The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection

19
Q

What is a virtual image

A

A virtual image is one from which the light rays appear to come but don’t actually come from the image e.g. mirror

20
Q

What is a real image

A

A real image is one where the light rays do come from the image

21
Q

What happens to parallel rays of light when they enter a convex lens

A

In a convex lens parallel rays from a distant source of light are made to converge at a point known as the focal point
A distance called the focal length from the centre of the lens.

22
Q

What happens to parallel rays of light when they enter a concave lens

A

In a concave lens parallel rays of light are made to diverge away from the lens. The focal point is on the same side of the lens as the object.

23
Q

What is the equation for magnification

A

magnification = image height / object height

24
Q

What is a transparent object

A

They are objects which let light through fully

25
Q

What are translucent objects

A

They are objects that let light through but not fully

26
Q

What wavelength is red

A

Long wavelength

27
Q

What wavelength is blue

A

Short wavelength

28
Q

What wavelength is green

A

middle wavelength

Physics (15 decks)

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