Waves (Chapter 12 and 13) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of waves

A

Transverse and Longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a Transverse wave

A

A wave that oscillates perpendicular to the direction it is moving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a longitudinal wave

A

A wave that oscillates parallel to the direction of the wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the equation for a period of a wave

A

Period = 1/frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a Electromagnetic wave

A

They are transverse waves that transfer energy from the source of the waves to an absorber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What speed do all electromagnetic waves travel at in a vacuum

A

The same velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the groups of electromagnetic waves

A
Radio waves
Microwaves
Infra red
Visible
Ultraviolet
X-ray gamma ray
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which group of electromagnetic waves has the largest wavelength and lowest frequency

A

Radio waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can radio waves do in electrical circuits

A

When radio waves are absorbed they may create an alternating current with the same frequency as the radio wave itself, so radio waves can also induce oscillations in an electrical circuit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the uses for radio waves

A

television and radio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the uses for microwaves

A

satellite communications, cooking food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the uses for infra red

A

electrical heaters, cooking food, infra-red cameras

Carrying signals from remote control handsets and inside optical fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the uses for visible

A

fibre optic communications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the uses for ultraviolet

A

energy efficient lamps, sun tanning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the uses for x rays

A

medical imaging and treatments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the uses for gamma rays

A

medical imaging, killing cancerous cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can x-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet affect the body

A

Ultra-violet waves can cause skin to age prematurely and increase the risk of skin cancer.
X-rays and gamma rays are ionising radiation that can cause mutation of genes and cancer.

18
Q

What is radiation dose measured in

A

Sieverts (Sv)

19
Q

What is radiation dose

A

It is a measure of the risk of harm resulting from an exposure of the body to the radiation

20
Q

What happens when a object has a constant temperature

A

The amount of infrared radiation it is absorbing is the same amount it is emitting

21
Q

What does the Earth’s temperature depend on

A

rates of absorption and emission of radiation, reflection of radiation into space.

22
Q

What happens in the ear

A

sound waves cause the ear drum and other parts to vibrate which causes the sensation of sound. The conversion of sound waves to vibrations of solids works over a limited frequency range. This restricts the limits of human hearing.

23
Q

What is the humans hearing range

A

20Hz to 20kHz

24
Q

What are ultrasound waves

A

Sound waves above the frequency of 20kHz

25
What are the properties of ultrasound waves
Ultrasound waves are partially reflected when they meet a boundary between two different media Non - ionising
26
What are P-waves
P-waves are longitudinal, seismic waves and travel at different speeds through solids and liquids.
27
What are S-waves
S-waves are transverse, seismic waves. S-waves cannot travel through a liquid.
28
What do P and S waves do
P-waves and S-waves provide evidence for the structure and size of the earth’s core.
29
What is echo sounding
It is using high frequency sound waves, is used to detect objects in deep water and measure water depth.
30
What is the equation for wave speed
Frequency x wavelength
31
What is amplitude
It is the maximum displacement of a point on the wave from it centre point
32
What is wavelength
It is the distance from a point on a wave to the equivalent point on the next wave
33
What is frequency
It is the number of waves passing a point every second
34
How does loudness affect amplitude
The louder, the higher the amplitude
35
How doe pitch affect frequency
The higher the pitch, the bigger the frequency
36
What does white light contain
All the colours of the visible sectrum
37
What does the wavelength of a wave affect
How far they can travel How much they spread How much information they can carry
38
What are carrier waves
Waves that are used to carry information. They do this by varying their amplitude
39
What does ionising radiation do
Makes uncharged atoms charged
40
How is x-rays absorbed
bones absorb more x-rays than soft tissues