Waves and oscillations - M6 Flashcards
What is hooke’s law
Property of a spring
If a weight is added to a spring, the spring exerts a restoring force opposite to the deformation unil equilibrium is reached
The length change of the spring is proportional to…
The restoring force
F (restoring) =
-kx
What is k
Spring constant
Why is work done?
Because there is Force and energy applied over distance (compression of spring) to do work
Linear motion of Force
F increases lineally until F = x on a graph so find area under curve for max work done
W formula
W = 1/2 kx^2, this is also average force so area under reactange = total work done
Potential energy of spring
PE = W that needs to be done = 1/2 kx^2
What is simple Harmonic motion?
sinusoidal Oscillation
How does the spring oscillate
It has restoring force to deformation and as F is acting on mass, mass has a but as it accelerates towards eq, force decreases and hence acc decreases and max v is reached
Then v causes it to overshoot into compression until v = 0 and F acts again and repeat
Time taken for one oscillation
period, T = 1/f
Number of oscillations in one s
Frequency = f = 1/T
Total energy of a system
1/2mvˆ2 + 1/2kxˆ2
Simple pen and E conservation
Refer to paper pls too complicated to explain here
What is a wave?
A collection of SHM oscillators with a spacial phase
v (wave)
lambda x f as lambda/T and T = 1/f
Transverse waves
Wave perpendicular to direction of propagation
Longitudinal waves
Wave in direction of propagation
Constructive
Where waves meet
Destructive
Where waves 180 out of phase
What is the fundamental wave?
The sin wave
