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PHYSICS GCSE > WAVES #2 > Flashcards

WAVES #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

OPAQUE objects do not…

A

transmit light

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2
Q

transparent and translucent objects ….

A

do transmit light

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3
Q

why does a white object appear white`

A

reflects all of the white light

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4
Q

what does white light consist of

A

ROYGBIV

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5
Q

WHY di black objects appear black

A

they absorb all of the colours in the visible light

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6
Q

why do objects appear a colour eg red

A

a object appears red because it has absorbs all the colours of light except red which it is reflecting

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7
Q

what do colour filters do

A

colour filters filter out different wavelengths of light so that only certain colours are transmitted- the rest are absorbed

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8
Q

what would you see if you looked at a red object through a blue filter

A

the object would look black

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9
Q

a student looks at a red bag with a green buckle through a colour green filte. describe whay the student will see

A

the red bag is reflecting red light and the green buckle is reflecting green light
as it is a green filter only green light will be able to pass through
this means the buckle will appear green as the light reflected can pass through
howeber the bag will appear black because the filter doesn’t allow through the red light being reflected by thr bag

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10
Q

every object emits and absorb

A

infrared radiation

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11
Q

the hotter the object the more

A

infrared radiation it emits

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12
Q

an object that is hotter than its surroundings emits more Infrared radiation than it

A

absorbs. WHICH COOLS IT DOWN

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13
Q

an object that is COLDER than its surroundings emits LESS Infrared radiation than it

A

emits. which warms it up

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14
Q

objects at a constant temperature emits

A

infrared radiation at the same rate theyre absorbing it

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15
Q

what are sound waves caused by

A

vibrating objects

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16
Q

explain in terms of vibrations what happens when a sound enters your ear

A

air particles move back and forth creating pressure on your ear drum
this change in pressure causes the ear drum to vibrate
these vibrations pass from your ear drum to the inside of your ear
these vibrations are turned into electrical signals which ae sent to your brain so you can hear the sound

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17
Q

what are echoes

A

reflected sound waves

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18
Q

how is a sound wave created in a speakee

A

the paper diaphragm in a speaer vibrates back and forth
which causes the surrounding air to vibrate creating compressions and rarefactions
this creates a sond wave

19
Q

why cant sound travel in space

A

because it mostly a vacuum which means there no available particles to vibrate

20
Q

what is ultrasound

A

ultrasound is sound with frequencies higher than 20,000hz

21
Q

what is infrasound

A

anything below 20hz- unable for us to detect

22
Q

what is the speed of sound in air

A

330m/s

23
Q

what is the speed of sound in water

A

1500m/s

24
Q

equation when working out ultrasound

A

speed=distance/time (divided by 2)

25
Q

what do you always have to remember for ultrasound calculations

A

to divide by two

26
Q

what happens when ultrasound hits a boundary

A

the ultrasound wave gets partially reflected

27
Q

pre natal scanning

A

in order to see unborn babies an ultrasound wave with a frequency between 2 and 10 MHz is made an transmitted into the mother
the wave is partially refleted when it meets a boundary between two different media
these refelctions are collected and interpreted as a picture

28
Q

adv of untrasound scans

A

non invasive
accurate
non ionising
image is available immediately

29
Q

dis of ultrasound scans

A

images deeper in the body results in progressively poorer resolution

30
Q

using ultrasou[nd to treat kidnet stones

A

a high powered ultrasound wwave is used

stones vibrae until the break apart and easily passed out of the body via the the ureatha

31
Q

the diagram shows how ultransonic waves can bee used to clean a watch suggest how

A

the oscillator vibrates causoing the fluid to knock the dirt off the watch

32
Q

state two features of ultrasound

A

very high frequency waves

higher frequency than human hearing range

33
Q

diagram shows an ultrasound transmitter
the block has an internal crack
explain why pulse a and b occur

A

when the ultrasound goes through the block it sends out three reflections when it enters, when it hits the crack and when it leaves, this is because it has been partially reflected back as it has hit a different boundary

pulse a occurred because it has changed density so it has sent a reflection back

34
Q

what are the two types of seismic waves

A

p waves and s waves

35
Q

what are p waves

A 
p waves are longitudinal 
they travel through solids and liquids
they travel faster than s waves
can travel through the earth core
they are bent by changing the density of the rock
36
Q

what are s waves

A

s waves are transverse
they only travel through solids
theyre slower than p waves
they are bent by changing the density of the rock

37
Q

what are the two types of surface waves

A

love wave

Rayleigh wave

38
Q

where do the surface waves only travel

A

in the earths crust

39
Q

what is a black body

A

is an object that absorbs all of the radiation that hits it, no radiation is reflected or transmitted

40
Q

as the temp of an object increases the intensity

A

of every emitted wavelength increases

41
Q

the hotter an object is the shorter its

A

peak wavelength

42
Q

the peak wavelength of the sun is 500nm
the peak wavelength of another star is 850nm
which star is hotter

A

the sun is hotter because the hotter an object is the shorter its peak wavelength

43
Q

can pwaves travel through the earths core

A

yes

44
Q

csn s waves travel through the outer core

A

no

PHYSICS GCSE (12 decks)

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