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PHYSICS GCSE > FORCES > Flashcards

FORCES Flashcards

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1
Q

What do vector quantities have

A

magnitude and a direction

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2
Q

examples of vector quantities

A

velocity
acceleration
momentum

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3
Q

what do scalar quantities have

A

magnitude

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4
Q

examples of scalar quantities

A

speed
distance

time

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5
Q

what is a contact force

A

when two objects are touching for a force to act

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6
Q

examples of a contact force

A

friction
air resistance
tension in ropes
normal contact forces

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7
Q

what is a non contact force

A

if the objects do not need to be touching for a force to act

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8
Q

examples of a non contact force

A

magnetic force
gravitational force
electrostatic force

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9
Q

what is gravitational force

A

is the force of attraction between masses

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10
Q

what does the weight of an object depend on

A

the strength of the gravitational field at the location of the object

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11
Q

mass and weight are …..

A

directly proportional

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12
Q

weight =

A

mass * gravitational field strength

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13
Q

increasing the mass of an object increases the ….

A

weight

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14
Q

what is resultant force

A

is the overall force on a point or an object

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15
Q

when a force moves an object through a distance what happens

A

energy is transferred and work is done on the object

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16
Q

work done =

A

force * distance

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17
Q

when all forces are balanced an object is

A

equilibrium

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18
Q

what diagram can you draw to find out resultant forces

A

scale drawings

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19
Q

extension is __________ force

A

directly proportional

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20
Q

force= (springs) units

A

spring constant (n/m) * extension (m)

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21
Q

what does spring constant depend on

A

the material

the stiffer the materal the greater the spring constant

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22
Q

what happens when a graph showing force and extension curves (spring)

A

it has reached its limit of proportionality

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23
Q

elastic potential energy =

A

1/2 * spring constant (n/m) * extension (m) (squared)

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24
Q

what is a moment

A

a moment is the turning effect of a force

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25
Q

moment of a force=

A

force * distance

26
Q

how do you get the maximum moment

A

need to push at right angles

27
Q

what are levers

A

levers increase the distance from the pivot at which the force is applied

28
Q

what do levers make it easier to do

A

makes it easier to work

29
Q

what are gears used for

A

they are used to transmit the rotational effect of a force from one place to another

30
Q

what are different size gears used for

A

they can be used to change the moment of a force

31
Q

pressure =

A

force/area

32
Q

what does pressure in a liquid depend on

A

depth

density

33
Q

the more dense a liquid is ….. which means….

A

the more particles in a certain space,, which means there are more particles available to collide s the pressure is higher

34
Q

as the depth of liquid increases ….

A

the number of particles above that point increases, the weight of these particles adds to the pressure felt at that point so liquid pressure increases with depth

35
Q

pressure = (depth)

A

height* gravitational field * density of a liquid

36
Q

how does an object float

A

if the upthrust on an object is equal to the object weight then the forces balance and the object floats

37
Q

how does an object sink

A

if an object weight is more than the upthrust the object sinks

38
Q

what happens when an object is denser than the fluid it is placed iin

A

the object is unable to displace enough fluid to equal its weight this means that its weight is always larger than the upthrust so it sinks

39
Q

what is distance

A

how far an object has moved

40
Q

is distance a scalar or a vector

A

scalar

41
Q

is displacement a scalar or a vector

A

vector

42
Q

speed =

A

distance/ time

43
Q

what is acceleration

A

acceleration is the change in velocity in a certain amount of time

44
Q

average accerleration =

A

change in velocity/time

45
Q

what is constant acceleration also called

A

uniform accleration

46
Q

equation for uniform acceleration

A

v2-u2=2as final velocity-initial velocity = 2 * accerleration * distance

47
Q

distance time graphs gradient=

A

speed

48
Q

flat sections on a distance time graph =

A

stationary it has stopped

49
Q

straight uphill sections on a distance time graphs =

A

travelling at a steady speed

50
Q

curves represent on a dt graph

A

accerlerATION OR DECERLAERATION

51
Q

WHAT DOES A STEEPENIGN curve represent

what does a levelling odf== curve reoprestn

A

speeding up

slowing down

52
Q

on a vt graph gradient =

A

acceleration

53
Q

on a vt graph flat sections represent

A

travelling at a steady speed

54
Q

the steeper the vt graph

A

the greater the acceleration or deceleration

55
Q

uphill sections on a vt graph are

dowbhill sections on a vt graph are

A

acceleration

deceleration

56
Q

what deos a curve mean on a vt graph

A

changing acceleration

57
Q

hoe do you work out distance travelled on a vt graph

A

calculate the area under the graph

58
Q

drag increases as ….

A

speed increases

59
Q

friction always acts in the …..

A

opposite direction to movement

60
Q

how do objects reach terminal velocity

A

as the object falls it accelerates towards the earth due to the force of gravity

air resistance also acts on the object in the opposite direction to the force due to gravity

as the object speeds up the air resistance increases until the accelerating force and the air resistance balance
it has reach terminal velocity

PHYSICS GCSE (12 decks)

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