PARTICLE MODEL OF MATTER

Question 1

DENSITY (KG/M3)= INCLUDE UNITS

Answer 1

MASS(KG) /VOLUME (M3)

Question 2

A dense material has its particles…

Answer 2

packed tightly together

Question 3

a less dense material has its particles…..

Answer 3

spread out

Question 4

what happens when you compress a material

Answer 4

the particles of the material would move closer together making it more dense

Question 5

SOLIDS ARE

Answer 5

strong forces of attraction hold the particles close together in a fixed regular arrangement. The particles don’t have much energy so the particles vibrate in fixed positions. The density is the highest because the particles are close together

Question 6

LIQUIDS

Answer 6

there are weaker forces of attraction between the particles. The particles are close together but can move past each other and form irregular arrangements they have more energy than the particles in a solid and they move in random directions at low speeds

Question 7

GASES

Answer 7

there are almost no forces of attraction between the particles. The particles have more energy than in liquids and solids theyre free to move and travel in random directions at high speeds. Gases are less dense.

Question 8

what is internal energy

Answer 8

internal energy is the total energy that its particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores

Question 9

where is energy stored in a system

Answer 9

in its particles

Question 10

what happens when you heat a system

Answer 10

heating a system transfers energy to its particles in which they gain energy in their kinetic stores and move faster therefore increasing its internal energy. This leads to a change in temperature or state because there is enough energy in its kinetic energy store to break the bonds holding it together

Question 11

is mass lost when their is a change of state

Answer 11

NO there isn’t mass is conserved

Question 12

Explain how heating a solid causes a change in state

Answer 12

Heating the solid transfers energy to the kinetic energy stores of the particles. when the particles have enough energy in their kinetic energy stores they can break the bonds holding them together making the solid change state to a liquid

Question 13

what is sublimation

Answer 13

solid to gas in one step

Question 14

what is specific latent heat

Answer 14

is the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of the substance from one state to another
either solid and a liquid (fusion)
or liquid and a gas (vaporisation)

Question 15

what is the specific latent heat for changing between a solid and a liquid

Answer 15

specific latent heat of fusion

Question 16

what is the specific latent heat for changing between a liquid and a gas

Answer 16

specific latent heat of vaporisation

Question 17

FORMULA FOR SPECIFIC LATENT HEAT

Answer 17

ENERGY= MASS X SPECIFIC LATENT HEAT

Question 18

Pressure and volume are…

Answer 18

inversely proportional

Question 19

if pressure increases

Answer 19

volume decreases

Question 20

if volume increases

Answer 20

pressure decreases

Question 21

what happens when particles move about at high speeds

Answer 21

they collide with each other and create pressure when they collide against the walls of a container

Question 22

In a sealed container what is the outward gas pressure

Answer 22

it is the total force exerted by all of the particles in the gas on a unit area of the container walls

Question 23

faster particles and more frequent collisions lead to…

Answer 23

an increase in gas pressure

Question 24

(IF THE VOLUME IS CONSTANT) increasing the temperature inside something

Answer 24

will increase speed of the particles therefore increasing the pressure

Question 25

(IF THE TEMPERATURE IS CONSTANT) increasing the volume of a gas inside something means

Answer 25

the particles get more spread out and hit the walls less often therefore meaning the gas pressure decreases

Question 26

Doing work on a gas increases

Answer 26

the gases internal energy

Question 27

Explain, in terms of particles, how evaporation causes the cooling of water.

Answer 27

the fastest particles have enough energy

to escape from the surface of the water

therefore the mean energy of the remaining particles decreases

the lower the mean energy of particles the lower the temperature (of the water)