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1.1/1.2 Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 types of waves?

A

Transverse & longitudinal

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2
Q

Sinusoidal Waves?

A

Periodic displacement at Period P or Frequency F

P= 1/f

Distance between troughs = λ

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3
Q

What is a wave?

A

A disturbance which transfers energy from one place to another without any net motion of the medium through which it travels

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4
Q

Velocity of waves

A

V (m/s)= f(/s)λ(m)

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5
Q

Sound intensity?

A

dB = 10 log (I/I0)

I0 = threshold of human hearing

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6
Q

How to calculate wave intensity?

A

I (W/m) = L(W)/4πr^2

Intensity of a eave = energy it carries m^-2 s^-1 / W m^-2

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7
Q

What does isotropic mean?

A

Wave energy emitting equally in all directions

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8
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

motion in which all points on a wave oscillate along paths at right angles to the direction of the wave’s advance - water/ light

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9
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

waves where the particle motion is in the same direction in which the wave is propagating e.g. sound - vibration

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10
Q

What is constructive interference?

A

Waves are in phase and add constructively - same f,λ but different amplitude

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11
Q

What is destructive interference?

A

When waves are exactly out of phase - now amplitudes cancel & waves add destructively?

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12
Q

What does a ray of light have perpendicular to it?

A

An electric field and a magnetic field - electromagnetic radiation

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13
Q

What are the Laws of Reflection?

A
  1. θi = θr
  2. incident & reflected ray & normal all lie in the same plane
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14
Q

What are the law’s of refraction?

A
  1. Snell’s Law n1sin (θ1) = n2sin(θ2)
  2. incident & reflected ray & normal all lie in the same plane
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15
Q

How to calculate the refractive index?

A

n = speed of light in vaccuum/ speed of light in medium

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16
Q

What is the critical angle?

A

The angle of incidence which will cause the angle of refraction to be 90° from the normal

=sin^-1(n2/n1)

17
Q

What happens if the incident angle is greater than the critical angle?

A

Total internal reflection occurs

18
Q

What is a prism?

A

A transparent object with 2 plane surfaces inclined at an angle

the angle between the undeviated and the ray deviated is directly proportional to size of the angle between the planes

19
Q

What is a convex lens?

A

() converging lens - all pass through a point on the axis of symmetry called a focal point

20
Q

What is a concave lens?

A

)( diverging lens

21
Q

What is a lens?

A

Glass bounded by 2 spherical surface

22
Q

What is focal length?

A

The distance between the centre of the lens and the focal point - rays parallel - 2 foci

23
Q

What ray is undeviated in a lens?

A

The one that passes through the centre

24
Q

Do diverging/concave lenses have foci?

A

Rays diverge at lens but appear to originate at F

25
Q

Rule for image formation?

A

3 lines
1. ray parallel to optical axis then refracted through F
2. Passes through the centre of the lens undeviated
3. Passes through F initially - emrges parallel to optical axis

26
Q

How to calculate magnification?

A

M= hi/ho = distance between lens & image/distance between lens & object

27
Q

Thin lens equation?

A

1/u + 1/v =1/f

28
Q

What is a real image?

A

When rays actually converge - convex () lens - f>0 using thin lens

29
Q

What is a virtual image?

A

Image appears to be formed at a location but not physically there - f<0 using thin lens - v<0 for virtual image

30
Q

If ratio between lambda is 1,2,3,4,… Between 2 waves?

A

They are constructive

31
Q

If the ratio of lambda between 2 waves is 0.5,1.5,2.5,…. ?

A

Destructive interference

32
Q

Measure the distance between crests?

A

Distance between Maxima= distance between crests x distance to screen / distance between slits

1.1/1.2 Physics (8 decks)

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