Thermophysics Flashcards
What is temperature?
Temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of atoms/molecules in substance
What is thermal equilibrium?
2 items in thermal contact with each other & temperature do not change
What is the ice point?
Temperature at which ice & water are in thermal equilibrium (0°C, 273.15K)
What is the steam point?
Temperature at which steam & water are in thermal equilibrium (100°C, 373.15K)
What temperature scales are used?
Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit
What is absolute 0?
0K, -273.15°C
Special temperature can never be reached
What is thermal expansion?
Expand when heated & contract when cooled
Change in length / length = linear thermal expansion coefficient x temperature change
Can be used in 2D & 3D - different coefficients
What is calorimetry?
The measure of heat
How to measure the amount of heat energy required to hear a substance
Q (J) = cm∆T
C = specific heat capacity
What is the specific heat capacity?
Amount of thermal energy needed to change the temperature of 1Kg of a substance by 1K
If heat is added is ∆Q + or -?
+ endothermic
If heat is lost is ∆Q + or -?
- exothermic
How to find temperature, specific heat capacity or mass of an object in thermal equilibrium with another object?
m1c1∆T1 + m2c2∆T2 = 0
When does application of thermal energy not result in ∆T?
When the object is changing state/phase
What is the energy required to change state?
Q (J) = mL
M= mass (kg)
L = heat of fusion/heat of vaporisation
