Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

physics gcse > waves > Flashcards

waves Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards Physics 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

what do waves do

A

they transfer energy or informstion without transferring any matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

dif types of waves

A

MECHANICAL WAVES- sound, water and ones on springs
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES- light, radio and microwaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

whats a mechanical wave

A

a wave that travels through a substance
they can be either transverse or longitudinal waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

whats an electromagnetic wave

A

a wave that travels through a vaccum
they are transverse waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

whats a longitudinal wave

A

so they oscilate parralel to the direction the waves transfer energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

whats a transverse wave

A

this means that it oscillates perpendicular to the direction of the waves energy transfer creating ripples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

whats the amplitude of a wave

A

biggest displacement from its orig position so the length of the hump from the middle, the longer the amplitude the more energy carried

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

whats a wavelength

A

distance from one bit of a wave to that same bit in the next wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

whats a frequency

A

amount of waves passing a fixed point per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

whats a period

A

amount of time it takes fo each wave to pass a fixed point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the wave speed equation

A

frequency x wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how are waves relflected in a ripple tank

A

theyre reflected from a straight barrier at the same angle as the incident wave as their speed and wavelength do not change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

whats refraction

A

change of a waves direction when they change medium, results in a slower speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

whats an incident wavefront

A

the initial waves that distinguishes them from the relfcted/refracted waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens when something absorbs the waves that pass through it

A

the substance gains the energy and so is heated eg microWAVES
the amplitude of the wave decreases as its energy goes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

formula for frequency

A

1/T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

specular reflection

A

when the boundry is flat, it produces a clear image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

whats diffuse reflection

A

when the boundry on surfaces is bumpy, cant see your reflection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

in a more dense materials waves will bend..

A

towards the normal as the amplitude gets smaller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

crest

A

Peak of 1 ossiclation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

electromagetic waves

A

dont tranfer matter
transervse (perp oscillations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

electrogmagnetic spectrum order

A

radio
micro
infrared
visable
ultraviolet
x rays
gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

speed of electrogmagnetic waves

A

300 million m/s

23
Q

what happens as you go down the elctromagnetic spectrum

A

the wavelength decreases but as the speed stays the same the frequency icreases, this means that the waves become shorter and w more energy

24
Q

white light properties

A

comes from lamps and the sun
contains all colours

25
Q

infrared properties

A

all objects emit
hotter = more infrared radiation
absorbed into our skin

26
Q

devices that use infrared radiation

A

remotes
scanners to detect radiation
to see people in dark through heat they emit
heats rooms and foods

27
Q

uses of microwaves

A

carries satelite links, they can travel between space and earth and also spread out much less as they are shorter
heats food by penetrating and being absorbed by the water mollecules

28
Q

shortest radio wave uses

A

tv broadcasting, carries more info

29
Q

hazards of waves

A

infrared heats and kills skin cells
micro and radio penetrations bodies ad heats it enternally

30
Q

mid length radio wave uses

A

carries local radio as they have a limited range

31
Q

logest radio wave uses

A

carrkes national and international radio news as they have a much longer range as the WL is longer

32
Q

quick explanation of how radio signals carry

A
  • the microphoe is reached by sound waves and produces an audio signal, this is taken in waves to the transmitter as are carrier waves from a oscillator
  • the audio signal modulates the carrier waves, these are supplied to the tramitter ariel which carries the signal
  • the ariel recives the modulated AC which emits waves carrying the signal, it is then absorbed by the reciever
  • the reciever then gets tje same oscillations through the curret as the frequency of the radio waves
  • finally, the reciever separates the audio from the carrier waves and supplies the audio signal to a loudspeaker whihc can send out sound waves the same as the waves recieved by the microphone when it produced an audio signal
33
Q

what are optical fibres

A

thin glass which tramsit signals carried by light and infrared radiation

34
Q

pros of optical fibres

A
  • light/ infrared has a shorter wavelength and so ca carry much more info
  • signals stay in the fibre and so are more secure
35
Q

dangerous of radiation/ UV rays

A

shorter and so more energy than visable light
harms human eye and can be blidning
too much from sun can cause cancer and perminently age the skin
low doses can cause canerous growth and gene mutation

36
Q

reasons for sim propeties of x ray and gamma rays

A

both v short wavelengths so more ifo, less area convered and less range
carry lots of energy

37
Q

how much can X/ gamma rays pass through

A

penetrate anything not too dense, can be stopped by thick lead

38
Q

how do X and Gamma rays differ

A

x rays are produced whe electrons stop moving
gamma are produced when unstable nucleas release energy
gamma are shorter so can peentrate more w more energy

39
Q

uses of gamma rays

A
  • exposing food to it kills 99% of disease carrying orgnaisms
  • surgical instruments can be 99% cleaned of bacteria to stop any risk of infection
  • can be exposed to cancer cells- aimed just at the tumour can destroy it but not the surroudning tissue
40
Q

ionisation meaning

A

when a high energy ray passes through a subatnce it can knock an electron off an atom giving it a pos charge- this can damage or kill the cell

41
Q

how does an x ray occur

A

x ray tube is turned on, electros pass through the body part
they go strait through weaker areas but more dense sections are absrobed such as bones, making that part of the film lighter as it is not reached by the x rays which have been absrobed
theres a screen with a CCD senor that converts x rays to light, the light makes electronic signals that display a digital image

42
Q

how to x ray a softer organ

A

the patients organ can be filled with a contrast medium which is a substance that will easily absorb the x rays

43
Q

what does a radiation dose depend on

A

type of radiation used
how long body is exposed to it
eergy absrobed per sec by the body

44
Q

dif between x rays used for images and destroying cells

A

therapy x rays have a smaller WL so they have a lot more energy and are more penetrating
lower energy imaging x rays can be absorbed by bones

45
Q

examples of longitudinal waves

A

sound waves
seismic p waves

46
Q

whats frequency measured in

A

hz

47
Q

examples of transverse waves

A

electromagnetic
water
on a string

48
Q

law of reflection

A

angle of incidece = angle of relfection

49
Q

waves that carry signal

A

carrier waves

50
Q

the shorter the wavelength of radio/microwaves

A

-more info carried
- shorter range
- less spread out

51
Q

whats an oscillioscope

A

device that displays the amps frequency and voltage of a current

52
Q

uses of uv radiation

A

flurosent lights
tanning beds
checking for invisible lights
sterilising water by destroying microorgnaisms

53
Q

uses of visable light

A

cameras
optical fibres

54
Q

whats fluroescnce

A

UV radiation being absorbed and then readmitted as visable light

physics gcse (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions