Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

P2 Therapeutics > Watts Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Watts Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

Positive symptoms examples

A

symptoms that respond well to drug therapy:
-hallucinations
-delusions
-bizarre behavior
-thought disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Negative symptoms examples

A

symptoms with little response to drug therapy:
-blunted emotion
-poor self care
-social withdrawal
-poor speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cognitive symptoms involve what receptors? (two different receptors)

A

D1 and glutamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name 3 components of the serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia (6 total)

A
  1. Pharmacological studies with 5HT receptors identified 5HT2A receptor as mediator of hallucinations
  2. 5HT2A receptors modulate dopamine release in the cortex, limbic region, and the striatum
  3. 5HT2C agonists may be beneficial in schizophrenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name 4 components of the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia

A
  1. D2 receptor antagonists - strong correlation between binding affinity and clinical effectiveness
  2. dopaminergic agents exacerbate symptoms
  3. increased D2 receptor density in patients with schizophrenia
  4. Imaging studies showed increased DA release and receptor occupancy in patients
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most antipsychotic drugs are receptors __________

A

antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In which region of the CNS do D2 antagonists have their primary therapeutic effects?

A

Mesolimbic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In which region of the CNS do D2 antagonists cause EPS?

A

Basal ganglia (nigrostriatal pathway)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) examples

A
  1. Dystonia - increased muscle tone
  2. Pseudoparkinsonism - muscle rigidity
  3. Tremor
  4. Akathisia - restlessness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the four types of drugs used as treatment for EPS?

A
  1. Anticholinergic agents (Benztropine, Trihexyphenidyl, Akineton)
  2. Antihistamines (Benadryl)
  3. DA releasing agent (Amantadine)
  4. Propranolol (used for akathisia)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tardive dyskinesia symptoms

A
  1. Mouth - rhythmic involuntary movements
  2. Choreiform - irregular purposelessness
  3. Athetoid - worm-like
  4. Axial hyperkinesias - to and fro movements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name 5 examples of tardive dyskinesia treatment

A

first - it’s irreversible
1. PREVENTION
2. Reduce dose of current agent
3. Switch drug, possibly newer agent
4. Eliminate anticholinergics
5. VMAT2 inhibitors (tetrabenazine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the first antipsychotic?

A

Chlorpromazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do you treat NMS?

A

Restore dopamine balance:
2. D/c drug
3. DA agonists, diazepam, or dantrolene (skeletal muscle relaxant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) symptoms

A
  1. EPS with fever
  2. Impaired cognition - agitation, delirium
  3. Muscle rigidity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aliphatic phenothiazines are used for their ______ antagonist properties

A

H1

15
Q

Example of a thioxanthine antipsychotic

A

Thiothixene (Navane)

16
Q

Example of a butyrophenone antipsychotic

A

Haloperidol (Haldol)

17
Q

Atypical (2nd generation) antipsychotics have reduced _____ but more ______ _________

A

EPS
metabolic problems

18
Q

Atypical antipsychotics have similar or enhanced antagonism at which receptor vs. D2?

A

5HT2A

19
Q

What was the first atypical antipsychotic?

A

Clozapine

20
Q

What can clozapine cause that requires weekly blood monitoring for first 6 months of therapy?

A

Agranulocytosis

21
Q

T/F: Clozapine has both anticholinergic and antihistaminic side effects

A

TRUE

22
Q

Clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine have a risk of __________

A

Diabetes

23
Q

Loxapine and quetiapine both have metabolites that act as an ___________

A

antidepressant

24
Q

Which of the “dones” is very potent at a1 receptors?

A

Iloperidone

25
Q

Which receptors is quetiapine potent at? (Hint: there are 4)

A
  1. 5HT2A and D2 mostly
  2. a1 (hypotension)
  3. H1 (sedation)

***LOW antimuscarinic

26
Q

Risperidone and lurasidone are antagonists at which two receptors?

A

5HT2A and D2

27
Q

Risperidone shows relatively low EPS at < _____mg/day

A

8mg

28
Q

Pimavanserin is an inverse agonist of _________

A

5HT2A

P2 Therapeutics (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions