Psychedelics/Cannabis

Question 1

What are the 3 dissociative psychedelics?

Answer 1

phencyclidine (PCP)
ketamine
muscimol

Question 1

Classical psychedelics are derivatives of __________________ and _______________

Answer 1

phenethylamine
tryptamine

Question 2

What are 3 naturally occurring classical psychedelic drugs?

Answer 2

DMT
5-MeODMT (5x greater than DMT)
Psilocybin

Question 3

Mescaline combines the MOA of which two illicit drugs?

Answer 3

LSD
MDMA

Question 4

Most classical psychedelics are agonists of which receptor?

Answer 4

5-HT2a

Question 5

Short-term adverse physiologic effects of psychedelic drug use

Answer 5

1. tachycardia
2. HTN
3. Tremors
4. Dry mouth
5. Nausea
6. Hyperthermia

Question 6

Potential therapeutic uses of psychedelics

Answer 6

1. cancer-related psychological distress
2. PTSD
3. Depression (treatment resistant)
4. Substance use disorder (alcohol)

Question 7

Shortcomings of psychedelic drug clinical trials

Answer 7

1. small sample size
2. Lack of or inadequate controls
3. Selection bias

Question 8

T/F: Tolerance to psychedelic drugs develops rapidly

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

Dissociative psychedelics MOA

Answer 9

NMDA antagonists

Question 10

Which enantiomer of ketamine is more active?

Answer 10

S(+)

Question 11

How quickly does ketamine work?

Answer 11

10-60min - fast and short acting

Question 12

What was esketamine recently FDA-approved for?

Answer 12

Treatment resistant depression

Question 13

DXM dose for cough suppresion:
vs
DXM dose to induce high:

Answer 13

cough: <60mg
high: 100-600mg

Question 14

Phencyclidine (PCP) is _____ potent than ketamine

Answer 14

MORE

Question 15

PCP MOA

Answer 15

NMDA antagonist
D2 agonist

Question 16

Muscimol MOA

Answer 16

GABAa agonist

Question 17

What is the greatest risk with use of alkyl nitrites, or “poppers”?

Answer 17

Methemoglobinemia

Question 18

Examples of volatile solvents (4)

Answer 18

Toluene (glues, spray paints)
Acetone (nail polish remover)
Benzene (cleaning fluids)
Butane (cigarette lighters, hairsprays)

Question 19

Hallucination vs illusion

Answer 19

Hallucination = false perception arising from internal stimuli / false reality

Illusion = misperception of external stimuli / distorted reality

Question 20

THC is a _____ agonist at CB1 receptor, while synthetic cannabinoids are ______ agonists

Answer 20

THC = partial
synthetic = full

Question 21

Is CB1 expression higher in the brain or periphery?

Answer 21

Brain

Question 22

Is CB2 expression higher in the brain or periphery?

Answer 22

Periphery

Question 23

What are marinol (Dronabinol) and nabilone (Cesamet) used for?

Answer 23

Anti-emetic, usually from cancer drugs

Question 24

What is the most common reported use of CBD?

Answer 24

Pain

Question 25

CBD is FDA-approved for what?

Answer 25

Seizure disorders (Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome)

Question 26

What are two risk factors/key determinants that may lead to psychosis followed by cannabis use?

Answer 26

Age of use onset Potency of cannabinoid

Question 27

What are four treatment options for cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome?

Answer 27

1. Cannabis cessation 2. Benzodiazepines 3. Haloperidol 4. Capsaicin cream on abdomen

Question 28

Two phenethylamine derivatives

Answer 28

Mescaline MDMA

Question 29

Two tryptamine derivatives

Answer 29

DMT LSD