Fluids/Lytes Flashcards
Examples of crystalloid fluids
NS, 1/2 NS
D5W
LR
Balanced salt solutions
Examples of colloids
Albumin (5% or 25%)
Hetastarch
Tetrastarch
Blood
Plasmanate
Colloids are always ____tonic, and they are never ____________ fluids.
hyper
maintenance
NS (0.9% NaCl) - maintenance or resuscitation fluid?
resuscitation
1/2 NS (0.45% NaCl) - maintenance or resuscitation fluid?
maintenance
LR - maintenance or resuscitation fluid?
resuscitation
Balanced salt solutions are crystalloid solutions containing physiological levels of what?
Chloride
Buffer solutions
Three examples of balanced salt solutions:
- Lactated ringers
- Normosol-R
- Plasma-lyte
What is the most common MIVF?
D5W + 1/2 NS + 20mEq KCl/L
What are some drugs that can cause SIADH?
- Antipsychotics
- Carbamazepine
- SSRIs
What is the “Rule of 8s”?
Replace 1/2 Na+ deficit in first 8 hours, then the rest of the deficit within next 8-16 hours
What can occur if acute hyponatremia is corrected too rapidly?
Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM)
Treatment for asymptomatic and symptomatic hypovolemic hypotonic hyponatremia
asymptomatic: 0.9% NaCl
symptomatic: 3% NaCl
*restore volume deficit
Avoid rise in serum Na+ > _________ mEq/L/hr or _________ mEq/L/day
> 0.5 / hr
8-12 / day
What is the most common cause of isovolemic hypotonic hyponatremia?
SIADH
