Watson Flashcards
addresses how nurses care for their patients, and how that caring translates into better health plans to help patients get healthy
Jean Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring
Watson believed that a holistic approach “_________________,” to health care is central to the practice of caring in nursing
mindbodyspirit
Jean Watson refers to the human being as
a valued person in and of himself or herself to be cared for, nurtured, understood and assisted
Jean Watson refers to the health as
a high level of overall physical, mental and social functioning
Jean Watson refers to the environment as
nurses have existed in every society, and that a caring attitude is transmitted from generation by the culture of the nursing profession as a unique way of coping with its environment
states that nursing is concerned with promoting health, preventing illness, caring for the sick, and restoring health
nursing model
Jean Watson refers to nursing as
a human science of person and human health-illness experiences that are mediated by professional, personal, scientific, esthetic human transactions
The nursing process outlined in the model contains the same steps as the scientific research process:
assessment, plan, intervention, evaluation
includes observation, identification, and review of the problem, as well as the formation of hypothesis
assessment
creating a care plan helps the nurse determine how variables would be examined or measured, and what data should be collected
plan
is the implementation of the care plan and data collection
intervention
analyzes the data, interprets the result, and may lead to an additional hypothesis
evaluation
Watson’s model makes seven assumptions:
1.Caring can be effectively demonstrated and practiced only interpersonally.
2. Caring consists of carative factors that result in the satisfaction of certain human needs. (then evolved into 10 caritas processes).
3. Effective caring promotes health and individual or family growth.
4. Caring responses accept the patient as he or she is now, as well as what he or she may become.
5. A caring environment is one that offers the development of potential while allowing the patient to choose the best action for himself or herself at a given point in time.
6. A science of caring is complementary to the science of curing.
7. The practice of caring is central to nursing.
Watson’s 10 Carative Factors
- The formation of a humanistic-altruistic system of values
- The instillation of faith-hope
- The cultivation of sensitivity to one’s self and to others
- The development of a helping-trust relationship
- The promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings
- The systematic use of the scientific problem solving method for decision making
- The promotion of interpersonal teaching-learning
- The provision for a supportive, protective, and corrective mental, physical, sociocultural , and spiritual environment
- Assistance with the gratification of human needs
- The allowance of existencial-phenomenological forces; became “allowance for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces”
The Ten Caritas Processes by Watson are as follows:
- Cultivating the practice of the loving-kindness and equanimity toward self and other as foundational to caritas consciousness.
- Being authentically present: enabling, sustaining and honoring the faith, hope, and deep belief system and the inner-subjective world of self/other.
- Cultivation of one’s own spiritual practice and transpersonal self, going beyond ego-self.
- Development and sustaining a helping-trust-caring relationship.
- Being present to, and supportive of, the expression of positive and negative feelings.
- Creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process; engage in the artistry of caritas nursing.
- Engage in genuine teaching-learning experience that attends to Unity of Being and subjective meaning—– attempting to stay within the other’s frame of reference
- Creating healing environment at all levels.
- Administering sacred nursing acts of caring-healing by tending to basic human needs.
- Opening and Attending to spiritual/mysterious and existential unknowns of life-death
Watson’s hierarchy of needs:
lower-order biophysical needs
lower-order psychophysical needs
higher order psychosocial needs
higher order intrapersonal-interpersonal needs
lower-order biophysical needs
the need for food and fluid, elimination, and ventilation.
lower-order psychophysical needs
the need for activity, inactivity, and sexuality.
higher order psychosocial needs
the need for achievement, affiliation
higher order intrapersonal-interpersonal needs
self-actualization
Maragaret Jean Watson was born and grew up in
Welch, West Virginia
Jean Watson is the founder of the original
Center for Human Caring
The foundation of Jean Watson’s theory of nursing was published in
1979: “Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring”
Watson believes that the main focus in nursing is on
carative factors
