Watkins et al. (2018).

Question 1

What trauma-focused treatments does the article by Watkins et al. focus on?

Answer 1

Prolonged exposure
Cognitive processing therapy
Trauma-focused CBT
EMDR
Narrative exposure therapy
Non-trauma-focused treatments

Question 2

What theory is prolonged exposure based on, and how does it work?

Answer 2

Emotional processing theory (trauma not emotionally processed when happens -> dysfunctional fear structures)
Activating fear structure + integrate new info contradicting fear structure through exposure

Question 3

What theories is CPT based on and how does it work?

Answer 3

Social cognitive theory, emotional processing theory
Post-trauma, urge for sense-making -> assimilate (confirm prior beliefs), accommodate (change beliefs to fit new info), over-accommodate (changing beliefs to overly fit new info; e.g., “everywhere is unsafe”)

Question 4

What is trauma-focused CBT based on and how does it work?

Answer 4

Ehlers’ model
Excessively negative appraisals of trauma + autobiographical memory of trauma badly contextualised -> strong associative memory, perceptual priming -> intrusive re-experiencing