Water Supply Flashcards
How close do static sources need to be to engine?
-20 Feet
Dry Hydrant
- Drafting Hydrant
- Strainer on one end, connection for hard suction on other
- Minimum 24” of water around strainer in all directions
NFPA 1142
-Standard on Water Supplies for Suburban and Rural Firefighting
Mobile Water Supply Apparatus
- Tender
- Carry 1,000 to 3,000 gallons, sometimes up to 5,000
- Dump valve can unload 3,000 gallons in one minute
Portable Tanks
-Hold between 600 to 5,000 gallons
3-Parts of Municipal Water System
- Water Sources
- Water Treatment Facilities
- Water Distribution System
Water Sources
-Wells, rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs (man-made storage facilities)
Water Treatment Facilities
- Removes impurities from water
- All water in system must be drinkable
Water Distribution System
- Most rely on pumps to provide required pressure
- Gravity-feed system uses high ground to provide water to lower-living users
- Most municipalities rely on pumps and gravity (Albuquerque)
System of Mains
- Preferably in a grid
- Primary Feeders to Secondary Feeders to Distributors (Largest, Smaller, Smallest)
Dead-End Water Main
-Supply water from one direction
Control Valves
-Allow different sections of water distribution to be turned off
Shut-off valves
- Located at connection between underground mains and distributor pipes
- Control flow to individual customers or individual hydrants
Albuquerque Dry Barrel Hydrants
- 7 cubic feet of gravel located at base
- 36 inches of clearance around hydrant
- Steamer always facing street
- Check hydrants annually/after each use
Static Pressure
- Pressure in system when water is not moving (potential energy)
- Measure by placing pressure gauge on hydrant port and opening valve without flowing water
Normal Operating Pressure
- Amount of pressure in water distribution system during normal consumption
- Measured by pressure gauge connected to hydrant during normal use period
Residual Pressure
-Amount of pressure that remains in system when water is flowing
Flow Pressure
-Quantity of water flowing through an opening during a hydrant test
Elevation
- Add 5 PSI per elevated 10 feet
- Subtract 5 PSI for negative 10 feet
Class AA Hydrant
- Blue
- 1,500 gpm and greater
Class A Hydrant
- Green
- 1,000-1,499 gpm
Class B Hydrant
- Orange
- 500-999 gpm
Class C Hydrant
- Red
- Less than 500 gpm
NFPA 1901 on Class A Pumper
- 750-2,000 gpm a minute in 250 gpm increments
- Pump from draft at a rate of 100% of rated capacity at 150 psi
- 70% rated capacity at 200 psi
- 50% rated capacity at 250 psi
