Water Quality Flashcards
1
Q
Scientific name of the Banded Coral shrimp?
A
stenopus hispidus
2
Q
what does a Banded Coral shrimp look like?
A
Shrimp with bands
3
Q
behavior of a Banded Coral shrimp
A
Aggressive toward own species
4
Q
location of Banded Coral shrimp
A
Only in Indonesia
5
Q
molting process of Banded Coral shrimp
A
Molting takes 2 days; hides during
6
Q
Banded Coral shrimp are intolerant of?
A
Intolerant of high Nitrate/ copper
7
Q
what type of predator is a Banded Coral shrimp?
A
Scavenger
8
Q
Scientific name of the Butterfly fish
A
chaetodon spp.
9
Q
location of Butterfly fish
A
Tropical/ subtropical waters in coral reefs
10
Q
size of Butterfly fish
A
4-5 in in length
11
Q
what does a Butterfly fish look like?
A
dark spots on bodies and dark bands on eyes, mouth is more pointed downward than angel fish
12
Q
sleeping habits of a Butterfly fish
A
diurnal animals- feed during day rest at night
13
Q
Butterfly fish eating habits
A
feed on plankton and crustaceans
14
Q
Butterfly fish mating habits
A
mate for life
15
Q
Butterfly fish species status
A
in danger due to water pollution and habitat lose
16
Q
Butterfly fish life span
A
10 year life
17
Q
Scientific name of the Crown of Thorns starfish
A
acanthaster planci
18
Q
Crown of Thorns starfish are native to
A
coral eating starfish native to indo-pacific ocean
19
Q
Crown of Thorns starfish are important because
A
important in coral reef, feeds on fastly growing coral to allow slow growing coral to grow more- control coral growth
20
Q
low number of Crown of Thorns starfish can cause/
high number of Crown of Thorns starfish can cause
A
low number of starfish corals can recover naturally occur, high number of starfish and coral can’t recover (crown of thorns starfish outbreak)
21
Q
Crown of Thorns starfish reaction to nutrients
A
increased nutrients= more starfish
larva use nutrients to grow big
22
Q
Crown of Thorns starfish outbreaks
A
outbreaks caused by flood
23
Q
what does Fleshy Algae do
A
fleshy algae or seaweed takes over less built coral reefs and destroys them
24
Q
Fleshy Algae growth of pop
A
overfishing- less fish to feed on them
direct nutrient pollution
25
Fleshy Algae problems with over pop
less diverse
| coral taken over by algae discs
26
Grouper >30cm scientific name
serranidae, epinephelinae
27
Grouper >30cm location
located west coast of Africa, southern Americas coast
28
Grouper >30cm behavior
very territorial- displays open mouth and quivering body as a warning to intruders then it will "growl"
also travels great distances
29
Grouper >30cm habitat
likes bottom of coral reefs
30
Grouper >30cm status in sea bass family
largest member of sea bass family
31
Grouper >30cm physical characteristics
very long, not very wide
| has bands on body (3-4)
32
Grouper >30cm uses _________ to find others of its species
uses echolocation to find others of its species
33
Grouper >30cm's predators
bigger fish eat them (very few natural predators)
34
Grouper >30cm's prey
prey on crustaceans
35
Grouper >30cm reproductive system
Protogynous hermaphrodites- start as male -> go to female
36
Hard coral behavior
may look/ act like plants but are animals
| colonial- group together
37
Hard coral relatives
closely related to jelly fish
38
Hard coral body parts
each polyp (coral)- has mouth, stomach, and can feed/ breathe on its own
39
Hard coral requirements for survival
clear water
access to sunlight
low nutrient levels
water temp range 16-35 ºc
40
how do Hard coral obtain energy
gain most of its energy from tiny algae called zooxanthelle (autotrophic) which live inside of them
coral provides safe place for algae to live in return they get energy
41
Hard coral difference from soft coral
hard coral has smooth tentacles and hard skeleton, soft corals have feathers and are squishy and spongy
42
reef Lobster scientific name
endoplometopus antillensis
43
reef Lobster physical traits
bright color with rings or spots, small (4-5 in)
44
reef Lobster behavior
nocturnal
45
reef Lobster claws
shallow cervical groove (pinchers)
46
reef Lobster- human interference
popular in aquariums but capturing causes reduction in pop and destruction of coral reef
47
Moray eel scientific name
muraenide
48
Moray eel physical traits
actually brown, yellow tint of mucous gives green color
tube like nostrils that they use to locate prey
gills at back of head
49
Moray eel location
found in warm temperate waters everywhere
| largest pop in tropical reef
50
Moray eel number of species
200 different species
51
Moray eel food chain status
top of food chain
52
Moray eel fertilization
fertilization is oviparous (eggs and sperm fertilize outside of womb) by technique called spawning
53
Long-spined black sea urchins scientific name
diadema antilarum
54
Long-spined black sea urchins location
Atlantic ocean
55
Long-spined black sea urchins physical traits
spines are long and up to 4 times the diameter of organism
| thin, hollow, break easy
56
Long-spined black sea urchins behavior
very light sensitive
| waves its spines to move away from shadows
57
Parrot fish reason for name
called parrot because the have fused teeth that form beak like plates that make them look like parrots
58
Parrot fish physical traits
have thick large scales
females= dull color
males= bright color
59
Parrot fish reproductive system
hermaphroditic
| females -> males
60
Parrot fish's prey
feed on algae that could hurt the coral
61
Parrot fish habitat
live everywhere in coral reefs
62
Pencil urchin physical traits
look like long- spined urchins except spines are shorter, thicker, and rounder
63
Pencil urchin location
east coast of America to west coast of Africa
64
Sponges structure
multicellular
simple organisms
porous
65
Sponges membrane material
membrane is made out of mesophyll (jelly)
66
Sponges systems
don’t eat, have a brain, or circulatory system
| water flows through, sponge takes in oxygen and remove waste
67
Sweetlips scientific name
Haemulidae Plectorhinchus spp.
68
Sweetlips reason for name
Named for protruding lips live in clusters or pairs
69
Sweetlips feeding habits
Nocturnal feeding habits
70
Sweetlips habitat
Hide in coral
71
Sweetlips physical traits
Patterns change from when they’re a baby ->adult
72
Triton scientific name
Charonia spp.
73
Triton's prey
Eat crown of thorn starfish, along with other prey
74
how do Tritons feed?
Hold down prey, then paralyzing it with saliva then eating it
75
Barramundi Cod location
Indo-pacific region
76
Barramundi Cod reproductive system/ habits
Both genders at same time
| Catadromus, live in fresh water, have babies in the sea
77
Barramundi Cod physical traits
Leopard wanting to be a cheetah
78
Barramundi Cod's prey
Eat crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish(including own species)
79
Barramundi Cod behavior
Hide in the caves of coral reefs
80
Bumphead Parrotfish location
Indo-pacific region
81
Bumphead Parrotfish scientific name
Bolbometopon muricatum
82
Bumphead Parrotfish physical traits
Largest of all parrot fish
| Blue, green, slate greyish
83
Bumphead Parrotfish behavior
Friendly with each other
84
Bumphead Parrotfish's prey
Eat algae and live coral
85
Bumphead Parrotfish reproductive system
Start male ->female
86
how does a Bumphead Parrotfish eat?
Use bumphead to bump into coral to break off pieces which it eats
87
Bumphead Parrotfish status
Categorized as vulnerable b/c of overfishing
88
Bumphead Parrotfish problems
Destroy coral reefs
89
Humphead wrasse scientific name
cheilines undulatus
90
Humphead wrasse status
Naturally rare
91
Humphead wrasse reproductive system
hermaphrodites, so some females become males
92
Humphead wrasse life span
30 years
93
Humphead wrasse Diet
molluscs, fish, sea urchins, crustaceans, toxic crown of thorns starfish, boxfish and sea hares
94
Humphead wrasse region
Indo-Pacific region
95
Giant Clam scientific name
tridacna spp
96
Giant Clam status
vulnerable
97
Giant Clam region
indo-pacific region
98
Giant Clam Diet
consume sugars and proteins produced by the algae they protect
99
Giant Clam muscles
close to slowly to surprise prey
100
Giant Clam life span
100+ year life span
101
Giant Clam habitat
stays in one spot for life
102
Sea Cucumber relations
related to starfish
103
Sea Cucumber physical traits
black, brown, or olive green. They have bumpy, leathery skin,
104
Sea Cucumber diet
dead organisms in mud or plankton
105
Sea Cucumber region
indo-pacific region
106
Flamingo Tongue Snail scientific name
cyphoma gibbosum
107
Flamingo Tongue Snail color pattern cause
living animal inside produces color pattern
108
Flamingo Tongue Snail diet
eats toxic sea fans- to become toxic itself
109
Flamingo Tongue Snail region
atlantic
110
Nassau Grouper scientific name
Epinephelus striatus
111
Nassau Grouper status
overfished
112
Nassau Grouper region
atlantic region- south Florida
113
Nassau Grouper fertilisation
occurs in water after eggs and sperm are released
114
Gorgonia other name
sea whips or sea fans
115
Gorgonia diet
plankton
116
Gorgonia region
atlantic region
117
Gorgonia relations
closely related to coral
118
polyps
dead coral
119
coral bleaching
coral expels colorful alge and kills reef leaves ghost color
120
zooxanthelae
endosymbiotic relationship, unicellular, algae
121
salinity
salt content
122
nekton
all organisms that swim independent of current
123
benthos
near bottom layer of sea
124
zooplankton
larger version of photo plankton
125
calcium carbonate
dissolves in contact with acid; in coral
126
costal zone
near coast/ land and warm nutrient rich, sun can penetrate, shallow edge
127
continentaal shelf
200m (shallow) seabed surronding a contient
128
estuary
fresh water that merges with salt water -> ocean
129
marshes
soft wet land w/o trees lots of plants and animals
130
swamps
marsh with trees
131
costal wetlands
land covered in water for most/ all year, seasonal
132
intertidal zone
portion b/t high low tide, shallow zone of the ocean where land meets water
