Water & pH

Question 0

Percentage of Intracellular water

Answer 0

40% (2/3)

Question 1

Predominant chemical component of living organisms; Irregularly, slightly skewed tetrahedron - oxygen at center and 2 hydrogens at corners

Answer 1

Water

Question 2

Percentage of Extracellular water

Answer 2

20% (1/3)

Question 3

Percentage of Interstitial fluid

Answer 3

15%

Question 4

Percentage of Blood Plasma

Answer 4

5%

Question 5

Properties of Water

Answer 5

Dipole
High dielectric constant
Forms hydrogen bonds
Excellent nucleophile
Amphoteric

Question 6

Acts as both an acid and base

Answer 6

Amphoteric

Question 7

Has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts

Answer 7

Amphipathic

Question 8

The negative log of hydrogen ion concentration; Measure alkalinity or acidity

Answer 8

pH

Question 9

What is the normal pH of blood?

Answer 9

7.35-7.45

Question 10

Proton donors

Answer 10

Acids

Question 11

Proton acceptors

Answer 11

Bases

Question 12

High H+
Low pH
Low pKa

Answer 12

Acids

Question 13

Low H+
High pH
High pKa

Answer 13

Bases

Question 14

Causes of High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 14

Methanol
Uremia
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Paraldehyde and Propylene Glycol
Isoniazid
Lactic Acidosis (Sepsis, Shock)
Ethylene Glycol
Salicylates

Question 15

Used to calculate the concentration of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-)

Answer 15

Henderson-Hasselbach Equation

Question 16

pH<pKa
Acid is uncharged
Base is charged

Answer 16

Protonated

Question 17

pH>pKa
Acid is charged
Base is uncharged

Answer 17

Unprotonated

Question 18

Mixture of weak acid and its conjugate base that can resist a change in pH when protons are produced or consumed

Answer 18

Buffers

Question 19

Physiologic Buffers

Answer 19

Bicarbonate (most important extracellular)
Proteins (most important intracellular)
Orthophosphate