Water Balance (M) Flashcards
What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is an adult male?
60%
What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is an adult female?
55%
What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is a child?
65%
What is the percentage of H2O present if the pt is an infant?
75%
What is the fxn of nephron?
It fxns in the fundamental mechanism of H2O and salt conservation by the kidneys
What are the 2 major compartments of body H2O?
1) Extracellular fluid
2) Intracellular fluid
What is extracellular fluid?
It is the fluid outside our cells
What are the 3 types of extracellular fluid?
1) Intravascular
2) Interstitial
3) Transcellular
What are the exs of intravascular fluid?
1) Blood
2) Plasma
What is the ex of interstitial fluid?
Lymph
What are the exs of transcellular fluid?
1) Pleural
2) Pericardial
3) Peritoneal
4) CSF
5) Gastrointestinal fluids
What is intracellular fluid?
It is the fluid inside our cells
What is the characteristic of intracellular fluid?
It is where the metabolic activities occur
What is the fxn of H2O?
It acts as a solvent to dissolve electrolytes
What are the electrolytes that H2O can dissolve?
1) Na
2) K
3) Ca
4) Mg
5) Cl
6) Bicarbonate
7) Phosphate
8) Sulfate
What is the percentage / volume of intracellular volume?
24 L (60%)
What is the percentage / volume of extracellular volume?
16 L (40%)
What is the percentage / volume of interstitial volume?
11.2 L (28%)
What is the percentage / volume of plasma volume?
3.2 L (8%)
What is the percentage / volume of transcellular volume?
1.6 L (4%)
*Where does the extracellular fluid go / deposit?
1) Matrix
2) Fibrous proteins
3) Glycoproteins
4) Hyaluronan
*Where does the intracellular fluid go / deposit?
Cells
*Total body water (L) = body weight (lbs)/4
*54% of body weight in kg is what?
Body H2O
*1kg of body weight equivalent to what value in lbs?
2.2 lbs
- In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units?
1) ECF (mmol/kg)
2) ICF (mmol/kg)
Given electrolyte: Na
1) 152
2) 10
- In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units?
1) ECF (mmol/kg)
2) ICF (mmol/kg)
Given electrolyte: K
1) 4.3
2) 160
- In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units?
1) ECF (mmol/kg)
2) ICF (mmol/kg)
Given electrolyte: Ca
1) 2.7
2) 1.0
- In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units?
1) ECF (mmol/kg)
2) ICF (mmol/kg)
Given electrolyte: Mg
1) 1.1
2) 13
- In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units?
1) ECF (mmol/kg)
2) ICF (mmol/kg)
Given electrolyte: Cl
1) 109
2) 10
- In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units?
1) ECF (mmol/kg)
2) ICF (mmol/kg)
Given electrolyte: Bicarbonate
1) 29
2) 10
- In connection to electrolytes within the body fluid spaces, what is the value of the given electrolyte in the ff units?
1) ECF (mmol/kg)
2) ICF (mmol/kg)
Given electrolyte: Phosphate
1) 1.5
2) 50
What is osmolality?
It is the measure of the # of dissolved particles in solution
Osmolality is expressed as what?
It is expressed as osmoles per kg of H2O
Serum osmolality is expressed as what?
It is expressed as milliosmoles/kg
What is the normal reference range for serum osmolality?
275 - 295 mOsm/kg
What regulates osmolality?
Hypothalamus
How do the hypothalamus regulate the osmolality?
It is regulated by the hypothalamus through the sensation of thirst and the signaling to secrete antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
If the pt has increased blood osmolality, what should be done?
The pt should consume more H2O because it will decrease the osmolality
What will the pt’s body do if the pt has increased blood osmolality?
The posterior pituitary section of ADH will cause renal reabsorption of H2O and decrease the osmolality
*last slide
